Chapter 9, Abdominal And Pelvic Trauma Flashcards
The liver is divided into the right and left lobes and secures the liver to the abdominal wall and diaphragm by what?
Falciform ligament
Along with filtering and cleaning blood, the spleen also serves as a reservoir that stores how much blood?
> 300 mL
Unrecognized intra-abdominal or pelvic injury can lead to hemorrhage and early death. What should be avoided in patients with suspected spine or pelvic fractures prior to imaging?
Logrolling
Are abdominal injuries more often caused by blunt or penetrating trauma?
Blunt trauma (85%)
What characteristic of abdominal organs makes them susceptible to blunt trauma?
Hollow organs (gall bladder, stomach, small/large bowel)
Solid: liver, spleen
What will all GSWs with incursion into the peritoneum require?
An emergency laparotomy
The patient who has profound hemodynamic instability and who has sustained trauma to the torso without other identifiable injures is assumed to have what?
Visceral, vascular, or pelvic injury
What is demonstrated when the sudden release of palpation elicits movement of the peritoneum and internal organs and results in pain?
Rebound tenderness
What is Kehr’s sign?
Pain in the shoulder indicating intraperitoneal bleeding.
What is a classic sign of splenic injury?
Left shoulder pain (Kehr’s sign)
What is Cullen’s sign?
Periumbilical ecchymosis indicating intraperitoneal bleeding.
What is Grey Turner’s sign?
Bruising to the flank indicating retroperitoneal bleeding.
What is the most common abdominal organ injured as the result of trauma?
Liver
What organ is the most commonly injured genitourinary organ and is highly susceptible to deceleration injuries because of its fixed position?
Kidney
Why is diagnostic peritoneal lavage/diagnostic peritoneal aspiration performed?
To identify the presence of hemorrhage in patients who are hemodynamically unstable after experiencing blunt or penetrating trauma.
