Chapter 9: A Feast of Diversity

Question 1

Plants and Animals Domesticated in Africa

Answer 1

• grains: teff, finger millet
• cereals: pearl millet, sorghum
• African rice (Oryza glaberrima)
• wheat and sheep from Middle East

Question 2

Sahara Desert

Answer 2

• most dominant feature of the North African land-scape today
• before there was increased rainfall in the area, allowing for human occupation

Question 3

Nabta Playa

Answer 3

in the Egyptian Western Desert that was the location of a series of preagricultural and early agricultural sites located along the edge of a lake

Question 4

Uan Afuda

Answer 4

a preagricultural site in the Sahara that yielded evidence that wild sheep were kept in pens in the back of a cave

Question 5

Gobero

Answer 5

in the Sahara alongside an ancient lake where a hunter-gatherer occupation

Question 6

Difference Between Africa and Middle East/Natufian

Answer 6

had pottery and few storage pits

Question 7

Pastoral Societies

Answer 7

mobile societies with an economy based on herds of domesticated animals

Question 8

Plants and Animals Domesticated in New Guinea

Answer 8

• yams, bananas, tree nuts, sweet potatoes
• more sweet potatoes = more pigs = more power
• sweet potatoes and pigs never came from New Guinea

Question 9

Kuk Swamp

Answer 9

in highland New Guinea that has produced early evidence of agriculture

Question 10

Plants and Animals Domesticated in The Andes

Answer 10

• beans, quinoa, potatoes
• llamas, alpacas, guinea pigs
• cotton

Question 11

Domesticated quinoa

Answer 11

thin seed coat

Question 12

Domesticated potatoes

Answer 12

depends on shape and size of starch grains

Question 13

Humboldt Current

Answer 13

• a current that brings cool waters from the south up along the Andean coast, accounting for the remarkable wealth of marine resources in the area
• reason why people were able to live without agriculture

Question 14

El Niño

Answer 14

• a severe reversal of the Humboldt Current that causes a massive decline in marine resources along the Andean coast
• reason for agriculture

Question 15

Guitarrero Cave

Answer 15

in the Andean highlands of Peru where the first beans were domesticated

Question 16

llamas

Answer 16

• camelid animals domesticated in the Andean highlands
• guanacos are the ancestral species of llamas

Question 17

Alpacas

Answer 17

• camelid animals domesticated in the Andean highlands
• vicuñas are the ancestral species of alpacas

Question 18

Paloma

Answer 18

• a preagricultural village site on the coast of Peru
• grass houses with reeds and wooden poles

Question 19

Cotton Preceramic

Answer 19

sites with monumental architecture flourished on the coast of Peru

Question 20

Forest Islands

Answer 20

patches of forest surrounded by artificial ditches or moats

Question 21

Amazonian Dark Earth

Answer 21

created by enriching the soil with domestic debris such as bone, charcoal, shell, and pottery

Question 22

Plants and Animals Domesticated in East Asia

Answer 22

• rice, millet
• dogs, pigs, water buffalo

Question 23

Yangtze and Huai River Valleys

Answer 23

in southern China where rice was domesticated

Question 24

Pengtoushan

Answer 24

a site in southern China where the earliest rice was domesticated

Question 25

Hemudu

Answer 25

a well-preserved rice-farming village in southern China

Question 26

Yellow River Valley

Answer 26

in northern China where millet was domesticated

Question 27

Cishan

Answer 27

a site in northern China that has yielded domesticated millet

Question 28

Jomon

Answer 28

Japanese preagricultural societies that lived in large villages and produced elaborate pottery

Question 29

Chifeng Region

Answer 29

area in Inner Mongolia with an increase in population occupied by societies of pastoral travellers

Question 30

Xiongu Empire

Answer 30

a central Asian pastoral empire that threatened the Chinese Empire

Question 31

Jiahu

Answer 31

• where six complete flutes were recovered
• music was a part of nature and government

Question 32

Yangshao culture

Answer 32

a Neolithic culture in northern China that is particularly well represented in the village site of Banpo

Question 33

Banpo

Answer 33

a large farming village located in the Yellow River Valley (China) dating to the Yangshao culture