Chapter 9: A Feast of Diversity Flashcards
Plants and Animals Domesticated in Africa
- grains: teff, finger millet
- cereals: pearl millet, sorghum
- African rice (Oryza glaberrima)
- wheat and sheep from Middle East
Sahara Desert
- most dominant feature of the North African land-scape today
- before there was increased rainfall in the area, allowing for human occupation
Nabta Playa
in the Egyptian Western Desert that was the location of a series of preagricultural and early agricultural sites located along the edge of a lake
Uan Afuda
a preagricultural site in the Sahara that yielded evidence that wild sheep were kept in pens in the back of a cave
Gobero
in the Sahara alongside an ancient lake where a hunter-gatherer occupation
Difference Between Africa and Middle East/Natufian
had pottery and few storage pits
Pastoral Societies
mobile societies with an economy based on herds of domesticated animals
Plants and Animals Domesticated in New Guinea
- yams, bananas, tree nuts, sweet potatoes
- more sweet potatoes = more pigs = more power
- sweet potatoes and pigs never came from New Guinea
Kuk Swamp
in highland New Guinea that has produced early evidence of agriculture
Plants and Animals Domesticated in The Andes
- beans, quinoa, potatoes
- llamas, alpacas, guinea pigs
- cotton
Domesticated quinoa
thin seed coat
Domesticated potatoes
depends on shape and size of starch grains
Humboldt Current
- a current that brings cool waters from the south up along the Andean coast, accounting for the remarkable wealth of marine resources in the area
- reason why people were able to live without agriculture
El Niño
- a severe reversal of the Humboldt Current that causes a massive decline in marine resources along the Andean coast
- reason for agriculture
Guitarrero Cave
in the Andean highlands of Peru where the first beans were domesticated
llamas
- camelid animals domesticated in the Andean highlands
- guanacos are the ancestral species of llamas
Alpacas
- camelid animals domesticated in the Andean highlands
- vicuñas are the ancestral species of alpacas
Paloma
- a preagricultural village site on the coast of Peru
- grass houses with reeds and wooden poles
Cotton Preceramic
sites with monumental architecture flourished on the coast of Peru
Forest Islands
patches of forest surrounded by artificial ditches or moats
Amazonian Dark Earth
created by enriching the soil with domestic debris such as bone, charcoal, shell, and pottery
Plants and Animals Domesticated in East Asia
- rice, millet
- dogs, pigs, water buffalo
Yangtze and Huai River Valleys
in southern China where rice was domesticated
Pengtoushan
a site in southern China where the earliest rice was domesticated
Hemudu
a well-preserved rice-farming village in southern China
Yellow River Valley
in northern China where millet was domesticated
Cishan
a site in northern China that has yielded domesticated millet
Jomon
Japanese preagricultural societies that lived in large villages and produced elaborate pottery
Chifeng Region
area in Inner Mongolia with an increase in population occupied by societies of pastoral travellers
Xiongu Empire
a central Asian pastoral empire that threatened the Chinese Empire
Jiahu
- where six complete flutes were recovered
- music was a part of nature and government
Yangshao culture
a Neolithic culture in northern China that is particularly well represented in the village site of Banpo
Banpo
a large farming village located in the Yellow River Valley (China) dating to the Yangshao culture
