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Psychology 105 > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an intelligence test?

A

A diagnostic tool designed to measure overall thinking ability

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2
Q

What are higher mental processes?

A

It includes reasoning, understanding, and judgement

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3
Q

What is abstract thinking?

A

The capacity to understand hypothetical concepts

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4
Q

What does intelligence consist of?

A

Reason abstractly, learn to adapt to novel environmental circumstances, acquire knowledge, and benefit from experience

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5
Q

What is g(general intelligence)?

A

A hypothetical factor that accounts for overall difference in intellect among people

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6
Q

What is fluid intelligence?

A

Refers to the capacity to learn new ways of solving problems

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7
Q

What is s(specific abilities)

A

A particular ability level in a narrow domain

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8
Q

What is crystallized intelligence?

A

Refers to the accumulated knowledge of the world we acquire over time

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9
Q

What is multiple intelligences?

A

An idea that people vary in their ability levels across different domains of intellectual skill

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10
Q

What is existential intelligence?

A

The ability to grasp deep philiosophical ideas, like the meaning of life

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11
Q

What is the triarchic model?

A

A model of intelligence proposed by Robert Sternberg positing three distinct types of intelligence: analytical, practical, and creative

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12
Q

What is analytical intelligence?

A

The ability to reason logically, “book smarts”, it is closely related to g

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13
Q

What is practical intelligence?

A

Also called “tactic intelligence”, the ability to solve real-world problem, also called “street smarts”, psychologists call this social intelligence

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14
Q

What is creative intelligence?

A

Also called “creativity”. Our ability to come up with novel and effective answers to questions

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15
Q

What is a brain size myth?

A

Brain size correlates with intelligence across species. However, it does not correlate with intelligence within species. In actuality, brain volume correlates with intelligence

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16
Q

What is reaction time?

A

Is the speed of responding to a stimuli

17
Q

What is a Stanford-Binet IQ test?

A

An intelligence test based on the measure developed by Binet and Simon, adapted by Lewis Terman of Stanford University

18
Q

What are norms?

A

Baseline scores in the general population from which we can compare each individual’s score

19
Q

What is the intelligence quotient (IQ)?

A

Systematic means of quantifying differences among people in their intelligence

20
Q

What is mental age?

A

The age corresponding to the average individual’s performance on an intelligence test

21
Q

What is chronological age?

A

The person’s actual age

22
Q

What is deviation IQ?

A

An expression of a person’s IQ relative to his or her same-aged peers

23
Q

What is eugenics?

A

Is a movement in the early twentieth century to improve a population’s genetic stock by encouraging those with good genes to reproduce, and discouraging those with bad genes from reproducing.

24
Q

What is WAIS?

A

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Most widely used intelligence test, consisting of 15 subtests to assess different types of mental abilities

25
Q

What is culture-fair IQ tests?

A

Abstract reasoning measure that doesn’t depend on language and is often believed to be less influenced by cultural factors than other IQ tests

26
Q

What is mental energy?

A

The ability to focus on difficult problems for long periods of time

27
Q

What is health literacy?

A

The ability to understand health-related information, such as instructions from the doctors or on drug labels

28
Q

What is the bell curve?

A

The distribution of scores in which the bulk of the scores falls towards the middle, with progressively fewer scores towards the “tails” or extremes

29
Q

What is an intellectual disabilty?

A

A condition characterized by an onset prior to adulthood, an IQ below about 70, and an inability to engage in adequate daily functioning

30
Q

What is divergent thinking?

A

The capacity to generate many different solutions to a problem

31
Q

What is convergent thinking?

A

The capacity to find the single best answer to a problem

32
Q

What is emotional intelligence?

A

The ability to understand our emotions and those of others, and to apply this information to our everyday lives

33
Q

What is wisdom?

A

The application of intelligence toward a common good

34
Q

What is ideological immune system?

A

Our psychological defences against evidence that contradicts ours

Psychology 105 (6 decks)

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