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Psychology 105 > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is stress?

A

The tension, discomfort, or physical symptoms that arise when a situation, called a stressor - a type of stimulus - strains our ability to cope effectively

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2
Q

What is a traumatic event?

A

A stressor that is so severe it can produce long-term psychological or health consequences

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3
Q

What is the stressors as stimulus approach?

A

Focuses on identifying different types of stressful events, ranging from job loss to combat

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4
Q

What is stress as a transaction approach?

A

Examines how people interpret and cope with stressful events. Some people react negatively to a relationship ending and others see it as a new start

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5
Q

What is primary appraisal?

A

An initial decision regarding whether an event is harmful, we use this before making a secondary appraisal

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6
Q

What is secondary appraisal?

A

Which are perceptions regarding our ability to cope with an event that follows primary appraisal

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7
Q

What is problem-focused coping?

A

Which is coping strategy by which we problem solve and tackle life’s challenges head-on

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8
Q

What is emotion-focused coping?

A

Is a coping strategy that features a positive outlook on feelings or situations accompanied by behaviours that reduce painful emotions

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9
Q

What is stress as a response?

A

Assesses people’s psychological and physical reactions to stressful circumstances, they measure a lot of variables: stress-related feelings such as depression, hopelessness, hostility, and physiological responses

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10
Q

What is corticosteroids?

A

These hormones activate the body and prepare us for stressful circumstances

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11
Q

What are hassles?

A

Are minor annoyances or nuisances that strains our ability to cope

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12
Q

What is the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)?

A

It tries to gauge the nature and impact to cope

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13
Q

What is the general adaption syndrome (GAS)?

A

Consists of three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

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14
Q

What is the emotional brain?

A

The limbic system, includes the amygdala, hypothalamus, and the hippocampus

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15
Q

What is the fight-or-flight response?

A

A physical and psychological reaction that mobilizes people and animals to wither defend themselves (fight) or escape (flee) a threatening situation

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16
Q

What is the tend and befriend reaction?

A

A reaction that mobilizes people to nurture (tend) or seek social support (befriend) under stress

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17
Q

What is social support?

A

Relationships with people and groups that can provide us with emotional comfort and personal and financial resources

18
Q

What is proactive coping?

A

The anticipation of problems and stressful situations that promotes effective coping

19
Q

What is hardiness?

A

A set of attitudes marked by a sense of control over events, commitment to life and work, and courage and motivation to confront stressful circumstances

20
Q

What is spirituality?

A

The search for the sacred, which may or may not extend to belief in God

21
Q

What is the immune system?

A

Our body’s defence systemn against invading bacteria, viruses, and other potentially illness-producing organisms and substances

22
Q

What are phagocytes and lymphocytes?

A

Two types of specialized white blood cells manufactures in the marrow of our bones. At the first scene of an infection, phagocytes engulf an invader

23
Q

What is acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

A

Is a life-threatening, incurable, yet treatable condition in which the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attacks and damages the immune system

24
Q

What is psychoneuroimmunology?

A

The study of the relationship between the immune system and central nervous system

25
Q

What is a peptic ulcer?

A

An inflamed area in the gastrointestinal tract that can cause pain, nausea, and loss of appetite

26
Q

What is psychophysiological?

A

Are illnesses such as asthma and ulcers in which emotions and stress contribute to, maintain, or aggravate the physical condition

27
Q

What is biopsychosocial perspective?

A

Are illnesses such as asthma and ulcers in which emotions and stress contribute to, maintain, or aggrieve the physical condition

28
Q

What is coronary heart disease (CHD)?

A

The damage to the heart from the complete or partial blockage of the arteries that provide oxygen to the heart

29
Q

What is type A personality?

A

A personality type that describes people who are competitive, driven, hostile, and ambitious

30
Q

What is health psychology?

A

A field of psychology, also called behavioural medicine, that integrates the behavioural sciences with the practice of medicine

31
Q

What is aerobic exercise?

A

Are exercises that promotes the use of oxygen in the body

32
Q

What is alternate medicine?

A

Health care practices and products used IN PLACE of conventional medicine

33
Q

What is conventional medicine?

A

Medicine for which there is solid evidence of safety and effectiveness

34
Q

What is alternative medicine?

A

Health care practices and products USED TOGETHER with conventional medicine

35
Q

What are natural commonplace?

A

Just because something is natural, doesn’t mean it is necessarily good for your health

36
Q

What is biofeedback?

A

Feedback by a device that provides almost an immediate output of a biological function , such as heart rate or skin temperature

37
Q

What is meditiation?

A

It refers to a variety of practices that train attention and awareness

38
Q

What is acupuncture?

A

Practitioners insert thin needles into specific points in the body

39
Q

What is homeopathic medicine?

A

Are remedies that feature a small dose of an illness-inducing substance to activate the body’s own natural defences

40
Q

What is concentration meditiation?

A

The goal is to focus attention on a single thing, such as the flame of a candle

41
Q

What is awareness meditiation?

A

Attention flows freely and examines whatever comes to mind

Psychology 105 (6 decks)

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