Chapter 9 Flashcards
Clinical significance (or practical significance)
The size of the effect is large enough to say the independent variable has a meaningful impact on clinical outcome.
Individual differences
Attributes that vary from case to case.
Longitudinal research ( or repeated- measures design)
A study in which the same participants are measured at two or more points in time.
Matched pairs
Participants are grouped into sets of two based on their being similar on potential confounding variables.
Paired-samples t test
hypothesis test used to compare the means of two dependent samples; also known as dependent-samples t test, correlated-samples t test, related-samples t test, matched-pairs t test, within-subjects t test, or repeated-measures t test.
practical significance (or clinical significance)
the size of the effect is large enough to say the explanatory variable has a meaningful impact on the outcome variable (or the clinical outcome).
pre-post design
participants are measured on the dependent variable before and after an intervention or manipulation.
repeated-measures design (or longitudinal research)
a study in which the same participants are measured at two or more points in time.
standard error of the mean difference for difference scores
the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of difference scores, abbreviated SMD; used as the denominator in the paired-samples t test equation.
statistical significance
the observed difference between sample means is large enough to conclude that it represents a difference between population means.
within-subjects design
the same participants are measured in two or more different situations or under two or more different conditions.
