Chapter 2 Flashcards
Apparent limits
What seems to be the upper and lower bounds of an interval in a grouped frequency distribution.
Bar graph
A graph of frequency distribution for discrete data that uses the heights of bars to indicate frequency; the bars do not touch.
Continuous numbers
Answer the question “ how much” and can have “in-between” values; the specificity of the number l, the number of decimal places reported, depends on the precision of the measuring instrument.
Cumulative frequency
A count of how often a given value, or a lower value, occurs in a set of data.
Cumulative percentage
Cumulative frequency expressed as s percentage of the number of cases in the data set.
Discrete numbers
Answer the question “how many” take whole number values, and have no “in-between” values.
Frequency distribution
A tally of how often different values of a variable occur in a set of data.
Frequency polygon
A frequency distribution for continuous data, displayed in a graphical format, using a line connecting dots, above interval midpoints, that indicate frequency.
Grouped frequency distribution
A count of how often the values of a variable, grouped into intervals, occur in a set of data.
Histogram
A frequency distribution for continuous data, displayed in graph form, using the heights of bars to indicate frequency; the bars touch each other.
Kurtosis
How peaked or flat a frequency distribution is.
Midpoint
The middle of an interval in a grouped frequency distribution.
Modality
The number of peaks that exist in a frequency distribution.
Negative skew
An asymmetrical frequency distribution in which the tail extends to the left, in the direction of lower scores.
Positive skew
An asymmetrical frequency distribution in which the tail extends to the right l, in the direction of higher scores.
