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Human Sexuality > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Oocyte

A

An immature productive egg or ovum

Contained when a female fetus is born

Women release 400-500 ovums

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2
Q

Menarche

A

The beginning of menstruation during puberty

A girls first period

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3
Q

Follicular phase

A

The rally period during a woman’s monthly fertility cycle when the pituitary gland secretes follicle-stimulating hormone (FSN) to enhance ov development

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4
Q

Literal phase

A

The lining of the uterus thickens in preparation for receding a fertilized ovum if conception has occurred

The later period of a woman’s monthly fertility cycle

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5
Q

Seminiferous tubules

A

Tightly wound microscopic tubes that comprise the testicles in the male, where sperm cells are generated

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6
Q

Zygote

A

A fertilized ovum (or egg) moving down the Fallopian tube

Contains genetic material from both

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7
Q

Blastocyst

A

The developing zygote with cells surrounding a fluid-filled core upon entering the uterus and before implanting in the uterine wall

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8
Q

Embryo

A

A blastocyst that has implanted in the uterine wall

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9
Q

Placenta

A

An organ that develops on the uterine wall during pregnancy and joins the developing embryo to the mother’s biological systems

Transfers nourishment, oxygen and waste products between the fetus and the mother

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10
Q

Umbilical cord

A

Consisting of one large vein and two arteries that transport nutrients, oxygen and fetal waste products back and forth between the fetus and the placenta

A structure approximately 22 inches in length

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11
Q

Trimester

A

One of three periods of about three months that make up the phases of a full-term pregnancy

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12
Q

First trimester

A

Embryonic period
Fetus

Highest risk of miscarriage

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13
Q

Embryonic period

A

The initial eight weeks of pregnancy following fertilization

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14
Q

Fetus

A

An embryo after eight weeks of pregnancy

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15
Q

Second trimester

A

Pregnancy is firmly established
Quickening
Sex can be determined

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16
Q

Quickening

A

The first movement of the fetus that is felt by the mother

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17
Q

Third trimester

A

Fetus taste buds have developed
Fetus rotates to head down position
Fetal lungs develop fully and are ready to breathe air

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18
Q

Ectopic pregnancy (tubal pregnancy)

A

A pregnancy complication in which a fertilized ovum attaches and begins to grow outside the uterus

most commonly in the Fallopian tube

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19
Q

Miscarriage (spontaneous abortion)

A

The loss (without any purposeful intervention) of an embryo or fetus during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy

20
Q

Preterm birth (premature birth )

A

Birth of an infant less than 37 weeks after conception

Leading cause of fetal death

21
Q

Birth defect

A

A physical abnormality or metabolic dysfunction that is present at birth and may result in physical or mental deficits

22
Q

Teratogen

A

Any agent that has the potential to cause a fetal abnormality

Ex: drugs , chemicals, metals, microbe

23
Q

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

A

A variety of disorders than may occur in a person whose mother drank alcohol during pregnancy

24
Q

Abortion

A

Termination of a pregnancy

Assumed to be the result of an a voluntary medical procedure as opposed to a miscarriage

25
Q

Vacuum aspiration

A

A method of abortion in which a small tube is inserted through the cervix to extract the contents of the uterus including the endometrium lining and embedded embryo species

26
Q

Pro-choice

A

He belief that a woman has the moral and legal right to choose freely to abort her pregnancy

27
Q

Pro-life

A

The belief that voluntary abortion is akin to murder and that it should be illegal

28
Q

Dilation and evacuation (D &E)

A

A method of abortion commonly used when a pregnancy has progressed beyond the first trimester, involving scraping of the uterine walls and auctioning out of the contents

29
Q

Medical abortion

A

A method of abortion using drugs rather than surgery to terminate a pregnancy

30
Q

Stage one labor

A

The first stage of the birth process involving the beginning of contractions of the uterus

31
Q

Transition phase

A

The end of stage one labor as the fetus begins moving through the cervix and down the birth canal

32
Q

Breech birth

A

Delivery of a fetus emerging with buttocks or legs first rather than head first

33
Q

Stage two labor

A

The stage of the birth process in which contractions occur close together then in stage one

Involve the muscles of the abdomen as well as the uterus and continue until the infant has been expelled from the mother’s body

34
Q

Neonate

A

A newborn infant

35
Q

APGAR score (appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration)

A

A test that analyzes infant health at birth on the basis of skin color, pulse, reflexes, movement, and breathing

36
Q

Stage three labor

A

The final stage of the birth process when the placental is expelled from the uterus with the umbilical cord attached

37
Q

OB/GYN

A

A physician specializing in pregnancy and childbirth

38
Q

Midwife

A

A person (usually a woman) who has been trained in most aspects of pregnancy, labor and delivery and who is not a physician or registered nurse

39
Q

Nurse- midwife

A

A registered nurse who has completed an accredited midwifery program and has been certified by the state to deliver babies

40
Q

Birthing center

A

A hospital life facility with basic medical care equipment focusing on a natural, family centered approach to the birth process in a home like setting

41
Q

Cesarean section

A

Removal of a fetus from the mother’s uterus surgically through an incision in her abdomen

C-section

42
Q

Postpartum

A

Literally “following birth “

Typically refers to the months or first year following the birth of a child

43
Q

Postpartum depression

A

A psychological depressive disorder that begins within four weeks after childbirth

44
Q

Postpartum psychosis

A

A severe postpartum psychological disorder that may include delusions, hallucinations and extreme mental disorganization

45
Q

Infertility

A

A failure to conceive for 12 consecutive moths despite persisten attempts

46
Q

Laparoscopy

A

A surgical procedure in which a tube with a tiny camera and light is inserted through a small incision in the abdomen

Checks for infertility causes

47
Q

Assisted reproductive technology ART

A

Various treatments to help infertile women or couples to become pregnant and have a child

Human Sexuality (15 decks)

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