Chapter 9 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
Bill of Rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
The 1st 10
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
A law is a bill that gets passed and an amendment is a change to an existing law
How does an amendment get proposed?
2/3 of congress or 2/3 of the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
By 3/4 of the state legislatures
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of speech, assembly, press, and petition of the gov’t
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Fire arms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Due process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
From claiming the BoR are only rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
The states
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
Washington and Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department
State dept dealt with relations with other nations
Treasury dept dealt with financial matters
War dept dealt with nation’s defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Sec. of state
Sec. of treasury
Sec. of war
Attorney General
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Thomas Jefferson- sec. of state
Alexander Hamilton- sec. of treasury
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Sec. of treasury
What act established a federal court system?
The Judiciary Act of 1789
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Over ride them
Who was John Jay?
The first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt
The amount a government owes
What did Alexander Hamilton do with the state debts after the war
Split them equally between states
What area in America was against his plan and why
The south because they had less debt
Why do the south agree to hamiltons plan eventually
The capitol was moved to the south
Why did Hamilton agree with a national bank
It fell within the Constitution
What is a tariff
A tax on national goods
What was the whiskey rebellion
An uprising against taxing power
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
He wanted to retire
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
Strong federal gov
Rule by wealthy
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State everything
How did Washington feel about political parties?
He didn’t like them
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucus
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
The XYZ affair
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
To protect the security of the nation
What was the Naturalization Act?
You had to live in US for 14 years to apply for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed president to deport aliens
What was the Sedition Act?
A crime to speak falsely about the gov’t
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
The first amendment
