Chapter 9

Question 1

Stored in food due to the arrangement of the electrons in the bonds

Answer 1

Potential Energy

Question 2

2 main pathways for cellular respiration

Answer 2

Aerobic

Anaerobic (fermentation)

Question 3

Cellular respiration is:
Exergonic/endergonic
Anabolic/catabolic
ΔG>/<0

Answer 3

Exergonic, catabolic, ΔG<0

Question 4

Loss of electrons

Answer 4

Oxidation

Question 5

Gain electrons

Answer 5

Reduction

Question 6

Stages of cellular respiration

Answer 6

1. glycolysis
2. Pyruvate oxidation and the citric acid cycle
3. Oxidation phosphorylation

Question 7

Why isn’t glucose oxidized all at once?

Answer 7

Too much energy would be lost

Question 8

Glycolysis takes place in

Answer 8

Cytosol

Question 9

Glycolysis splits glucose into 2 molecules of

Answer 9

Pyruvate

Question 10

Glycolysis has a net yield of ___ ATP

Answer 10

2

Question 11

Pyruvate enters the mitochondria through

Answer 11

Active transport

Question 12

3 rxns take place with pyruvate oxidation

Answer 12

1. COO- removed and given off as CO2
2. Remaining 2-Carbon molecule is oxidized (NADH formed)
3. Coenzyme A added to form acetyl CoA (high potential energy)

Question 13

Series of 8 steps, each catalyze by enzyme

-redox rxns

Answer 13

Citric acid cycle

Question 14

Citric acid cycle occurs in

Answer 14

Mitochondria matrix

Question 15

1 cycle of citric acid cycle produces:

Answer 15

2 CO2
1 GTP (ATP)
1 NADH
1 FADH2

Question 16

Per glycolysis molecule…

Answer 16

-glycolysis + 2 ATP
-Krebs Cycle + 2 ATP
____________
Total = Net + 4 ATP

Question 17

2 steps to oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 17

• electron transport chain
• chemiosis

(Where majority of ATP is produced)

Question 18

Collection of molecules embedded in mitochondrial inner membrane

Answer 18

ETC

Question 19

Final electron acceptor is

Answer 19

Oxygen

Question 20

Exergonic flow of electrons is used to pump H+ across membrane

Answer 20

Chemiosis

Question 21

Energy-coupling mechanism that uses energy stored stored in a H+ gradient to drive cellular work

Answer 21

Chemiosis

Question 22

Uses energy of H+ gradient to power

Answer 22

ATP synthesis

Question 23

H+ ions flow through ATP synthase up/down conc. Gradient

Answer 23

Down

Question 24

Still uses ETC but O2 is not the final e- acceptor

Answer 24

Anaerobic respiration

Question 25

Process to generate energy w/o using oxygen or an e- transport chain

Answer 25

Fermentation

Question 26

Pyruvate is ________ to ethanol in alcohol fermentation

Answer 26

Reduced

Question 27

Pyruvate is ______ directly by NADH to form lactate

Answer 27

Reduced

Question 28

• cells need building blocks to make their own molecules

- requires energy

Answer 28

Biosynthesis

Question 29

Cellular respiration is regulated by:

Answer 29

• follows principles of supply and demand

- prevents cell from wasting energy making something it already has

Question 30

Main mechanism of control is:

Answer 30

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