Chapter 9

Question 1

Who is the “father” of genetics?

Answer 1

Gregor Mendel

Question 2

What is heredity?

Answer 2

Passing of characteristics or traits from one generation to another

Question 3

Difference between a dominant trait and a recessive trait?

Answer 3

Dominant trait:
• produces protein
• more likely
• AA

Recessive trait:
• doesn’t produce protein
• less likely
• aa

Question 4

Trait that occurs in 50 individuals out of 100 occurs with a probability of ….

Answer 4

50%

Question 5

3,000 yellow seeds : 9,000 total seeds

Answer 5

1:3

Question 6

Molecule that encodes a unique combination of characteristics or genetic traits?

Answer 6

DNA

Question 7

Two recessive alleles for the same trait is _____________ for that trait.

Answer 7

Homozygous Recessive

Question 8

Phenotype?

Answer 8

Physical appearance

Question 9

Difference between dihybrid cross and monohybrid cross?

Answer 9

dihybrid= 2 pairs

Monohybrid= 1 pair

Question 10

3 ways genetic variation can occur?

Answer 10

• mutation
• random mating
• recombination

Question 11

Law of segregation?

Answer 11

During the production of gametes the 2 copies of each hereditary factor segregate so that offspring acquire one factor from each parent

Question 12

Law of independent assortment?

Answer 12

When 2 or more characteristics are inherited, individual hereditary factors assort independently during gamete production, giving different traits an equal opportunity of occurring together.

Question 13

What’s a test cross used for?

Answer 13

To determine if a group exhibiting a dominant trait is homozygous or heterozygous for that trait

Question 14

What does each box in a punnet square represent?

Answer 14

One possible genotype