Chapter 12

Question 1

If a characteristic is sex-linked, the gene for it is found on what chromosome?

Answer 1

X

Question 2

A diagram in which several generations of a family and the occurrence of certain genetic characteristics are shown is called a _____________

Answer 2

Pedigree

Question 3

What’s the difference between polygenic inheritance and multiple alleles? Give example.

Answer 3

Polygenic inheritance= many genes
(Ex: human skin color)

Multiple alleles= different version of gene
(Ex: ABO blood group system)

Question 4

What is complex inheritance? How can the environment influence genes? Give example.

Answer 4

Things you’re exposed to that can change your genes

Ex: if you’re not exposed to light by a certain time your perceptions off

Question 5

Genes that are close together on a single chromosome are considered to be _________________

Answer 5

Linked

Question 6

What type of gene mutation is most likely to cause the least harm?

Answer 6

Substitution

Question 7

Why are mutations in body cells not a source of genetic variation?

Answer 7

They aren’t passed on to offspring

Question 8

What is nondisjunction?

Answer 8

Homologous chromosomes fail to separate at anaphase

Question 9

A mutation caused by a piece of DNA breaking away from its chromosome and becoming attached to a non-homologous chromosome is called _________________

Answer 9

Translocation