Chapter 10

Question 1

Primary function of DNA?

Answer 1

storing genetic data of the cell

Question 2

DNA is made up of long chains of ______________

Answer 2

Nucleotides

Question 3

3 parts of a nucleotide?

Answer 3

Sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base

Question 4

Part of a nucleotide that DNA is named after?

Answer 4

Sugar

Question 5

Scientists that are credited with establishing the structure of DNA?

Answer 5

Watson and Crick

Question 6

What would be the sequence of the complementary strand of DNA with the original sequence GCCCTTAA?

Answer 6

CGGGAATT

Question 7

What enzymes are responsible for adding nucleotides to the exposed DNA template bases?

Answer 7

DNA polymerase

Question 8

What enzymes are responsible for unwinding DNA during replication?

Answer 8

Helicase

Question 9

In order for protein synthesis to occur, mRNA must migrate to what organelle?

Answer 9

Ribosomes

Question 10

mRNA-tRNA-rRNA

Answer 10

messenger RNA: carries instructions from a gene to make a protein

transfer RNA: transfers amino acids to the ribosome to make a protein

ribosomal RNA: part of the structure of ribosomes

Question 11

Transcription?

Answer 11

When DNA is converted into RNA

Question 12

Translation?

Answer 12

When RNA is converted into an amino acid sequence in a protein

Question 13

What is a codon?

Answer 13

Triplet sequence

Question 14

What is an anticodon?

Answer 14

Corresponding triplet sequence

Question 15

Where does replication occur?

Answer 15

Nucleus

Question 16

What can an error in DNA cause?

Answer 16

• cancer
• disorders
• nothing (if silent mutation)

Question 17

What’s the difference between a purine and a pyrimidine?

Answer 17

Purine- 2 rings

Pyrimidine- 1 ring