Chapter 9

Question 1

What was the selling of church offices called?

Answer 1

Simony

Question 2

Who adopted a life of exclusion and strict discipline as a means of restoring the church?

Answer 2

Bernard clairvaux

Question 3

What was created to ensure that churchmen, rather than kings would choose the popes?

Answer 3

The college of cardinals

Question 4

What was the agreement that ended the controversy over who appointed clergymen called?

Answer 4

Concordat of worms

Question 5

What were the “brothers” of the Franciscan and Dominican orders called?

Answer 5

Friars

Question 6

What were the groups called that supported their monastery by begging?

Answer 6

Mendicant orders

Question 7

Witch order became closely associated with the inquisition?

Answer 7

The Dominicans

Question 8

What term refers to the holding of beliefs contrary to the teaching of the church?

Answer 8

Heresy

Question 9

What was the inquisition?

Answer 9

A church court established to discover and try heretics.

Question 10

What was the act of depriving an individual of the sacraments and church fellowship called?

Answer 10

Excommunication

Question 11

What is the appointment of clergymen to positions of authority by kings and nobles called?

Answer 11

Lay investiture

Question 12

who was crowned holy Roman emperor in 962?

Answer 12

Otto I

Question 13

who is credited with establishing the Holy Roman Empire?

Answer 13

Otto the great

Question 14

which king of Germany was called “Barbarossa” and married his son to the heiress of Sicily?

Answer 14

Frederick I

Question 15

who laid the foundation for a unified England?

Answer 15

Alfred the great

Question 16

what other title was Alfred the Great given?

Answer 16

founder of the English navy

Question 17

after Alfred’s death, who made England part of the Danish Empire?

Answer 17

Canute

Question 18

when William surveyed England’s taxable resources, the findings were collected in what document?

Answer 18

the domesday book

Question 19

Henry II strengthened the Royal authority in England by doing what?

Answer 19

he expanded the jurisdiction of the royal courts

Question 20

what were Henry II’s uniform laws for all of England called?

Answer 20

common law

Question 21

Philip II tripled the size of his domain by taking land from which English king?

Answer 21

John

Question 22

what did king John clash with pope innocent III over?

Answer 22

who would be the Archbishop of Canterbury

Question 23

what established the principle that the king’s power is limited?

Answer 23

Magna Carta

Question 24

who was forced to sign the Magna Carta?

Answer 24

John

Question 25

who subdued the welsh and made his son prince of Wales?

Answer 25

Edward I

Question 26

what English legislative body was established by Edward I?

Answer 26

parliament

Question 27

parliament was able to serve as a check on the king's power asserting its what?

Answer 27

power of the purse

Question 28

what was the land around Paris that was ruled by the king called?

Answer 28

ile-de-France

Question 29

at the beginning of the Capetian rule of France, powerful lords possessed more land and authority than whom?

Answer 29

the king

Question 30

peace and justice were the primary goals of whose reign over France?

Answer 30

Louis IX

Question 31

which pope unsuccessfully opposed the French king for taxing the clergy?

Answer 31

boniface VIII

Question 32

which king of France established the estates general?

Answer 32

Philip IV

Question 33

which pope called the first crusade in 1095?

Answer 33

urban II

Question 34

the term "crusades" comes from a root that means:

Answer 34

cross

Question 35

which crusade was the most successful?

Answer 35

the first

Question 36

who were the three powerful kings in Europe that participated in the third crusade, also known as the king's crusade?

Answer 36

Frederick Barbarossa:Germany Philip Augustus:France Richard Lion-Heart:England

Question 37

who was defeated in battles by Richard but successful in holding Jerusalem?

Answer 37

the Muslim leader, Saladin

Question 38

why was the fourth crusade centered on more economic then religious issues?

Answer 38

the crusades prompted an increase of trade and the use of a money economy

Question 39

the fourth crusade ended with the capture of which city?

Answer 39

Constantinople

Question 40

what motivated the crusaders to go to the Holy Land?

Answer 40

* some were motivated by a pious desire to serve Christ, defend the church, and rescue the Holy Sepulcher. * Some desired adventure away from the manor life. * Some wanted fame. * Some knights enjoyed pastime-fighting with the blessing of the church. * merchants wanted new opportunities.