chapter 8 Flashcards
who were the most powerful of the Germanic people’s?
Franks
who was the true power behind the do-nothing kings?
the mayor of the palace
which mayor of the palace was crowned king?
pepin the short
what were Charlemagne’s messengers called?
missidominici
what great battle did Charles Martel win in which he stopped the spread of Islam into Europe?
battle of tours
what were some of Charlemagne’s educational reforms?
- upgrading the literacy of priests and monks
- renewing interests in Bible and classical works
- developed new handwriting
what does Charlemagne mean?
Charles the great:: Frankish kingdom reached its peak
who was a great educator from York?
Alcuin
what were the primary centers for studying, copying, and preserving ancient manuscripts?
monasteries
who became ruler of East Frankland?
Louis the German
what treaty, in 843, split Charlemagne’s empire into three separate kingdoms?
treaty of verdun
who became the ruler of West Frankland?
Charles the bald
who was the emporer that divided land with his brothers?
lothair
what form of government prevailed in Western Europe from the ninth to thirteenth centuries?
feudalism
what was a landholding noble called?
lord
what was the system of granting protection in return for services called?
feudalism
what was a land grant called?
fiefs
what was the basis of wealth and power during the feudal age?
land ownership
what was the recipient of a fief (estate) called?
kings vassal
what was the subdivision of land by a vassal called?
subinfeudation
what institution was the heart of medieval society?
the church
what term did the Roman church apply to Bible characters or noteworthy Christians?
Saint
the Church of Rome rose to a place of preeminence, allowing whom to assume sole authority over the church in the west?
the bishop
the Middle Ages became known as an “age of faith” because:
- religion dominated society
- the church held great influence over people’s lives
- cultural achievements>church
