Chapter 9 Flashcards
Organizational Behavior
The study of the actions of people at work.
Employee Productivity
A performance measure of both work efficiency and effectiveness.
Absenteeism
The failure to show up for work.
Turnover
Voluntary and involuntary permanent withdrawal from an organization
Organizational Citizenship behavior
Discretionary behavior that’s not part of an employee’s formal job requirements, but that promotes the effective functioning of the organization.
Job Satisfaction
An employee’s general attitude toward his or her job.
Workplace misbehavior
Any intentional employee behavior that is potentially harmful to the organization or individuals within the organization.
Attitudes
Evaluate statements, either favorable or unfavorable, concerning objects, people, or events.
Cognitive Component
The part of an attitude made up of the beliefs, opinions, knowledge, and information held by a person.
Affective Component
The part of an attitude that’s the emotional or feeling part.
Behavioral Component
The part of an attitude that refers to an intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something.
The Theory proposed that how hard we try to reduce dissonance is determined by three things:
- The importance of the factors creating dissonance.
- The degree of influence the individual believes he or she has over those factors.
- The rewards that may be involved in dissonance.
Job Involvement
The degree to which an employee identifies with his or her job, actively participates in, and considers his or her job performance important for self-worth.
Organizational Commitment
An employee’s orientation toward the organization in terms of his or her loyalty to, identification with, and involvement in the organization.
Employee engagement
When employee’s are connected to, satisfied with, and enthusiastic about their jobs.
Cognitive Dissonance
Any incompatibility or inconsistency between attitudes or between behavior and attitudes.
Personality
A unique combination of emotional, thought, and behavioral patterns that affect how a person reacts to situations and interacts with others.
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
A personality assessment that uses four dimensions of a personality to identify different personality types.
Big Five Model
A personality trait model that examines 5 traits: extra version, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience.
Emotional Intelligence
The ability to notice and manage emotional cues and information.
Locus of Control
The degree to which people believe they control their own fate.
Machiavellianism
A measure of the degree to which people are pragmatic, maintain emotional distance, and believe that ends justify means.
Self Esteem
An individual’s degree of like or dislike for him/herself
Self Monitoring
A personality trait that measures the ability to adjust behavior to external situational factors.
Perception
A process by which we give meaning to our environment by organizing and interpreting sensory impressions.
Attribution Theory
A theory used to explain how we judge people differently, based on what meaning we attribute to a given behavior.
Fundamental attribution error
The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgements about the behavior of others.
Self-Serving Bias
The tendency for individuals to attribute their successes to internal factors while putting the blame for failures on external factors.
Selective perception
The tendency for people to on lay absorb parts of what they observe, which allows us to “speed read” others.
Assumed Similarity
An observers perception of others influenced more by the observers own characteristics than by those of the person observed.
Stereotyping
When we judge someone on the basis of our perception of a group to which that person belongs.
Halo Effect
When we form a general impression of a person on the basis of a single characteristic.
Operant Conditioning
A theory of learning that says behavior is a function of its consequences.
Social Learning Theory
A theory of learning that says people can learn through observation and direct experience.
Shaping Behavior
The process of guiding learning in a graduated steps, using reinforcement or lack of reinforcement.
Behavior
The actions of people.
