Chapter 9 Flashcards
Vascular disease most commonly involves what vessels?
arteries
Which type of narrowing/obstruction of the lumen of vessels with vascular disease is gradual? which is rapid?
gradual: atherosclerosis rapid: thromboembolism
what are the two general types of vascular disease?
- narrowing/obstruction of the lumen 2. weakening of vessel wall
what is arteriosclerosis?
hardening of arteries
what is atherosclerosis a subset of?
arteriosclerosis
what is an aneurysm?
dilation of a vascular wall
what is a thrombus? a common example of one?
BLOOD CLOT in a vessel. Ex: deep vein thrombosis (blood clot in leg, thigh, pelvis)
what is a varicosity?
dilation of a vein
What is the layers of the vascular structures throughout the CVS and what theyre made of?
- tunica intima: endothelia cells, internal elastic lamina 2. tunica media: smooth muscles, external elastic lamina 3. adventitia: CT, nerves, vessels
what supplies blood to the interior vascular wall (aka the tunica intima & inner portion of the tunica media) of the CVS?
diffusion of blood from the lumen
what supplies blood to the exterior vascular wall (aka outer tunica media & adventitia) of the CVS?
vasa vasorum
what is the vascular pathway?
Large elastic arteries –> medium muscular arteries –> small arteries –> arterioles –> capillary beds –> postcapillary venules –> collecting venules –> progressively larger veins
what in the vascular pathway controls blood pressure?
arterioles
what are postcapillary venules involved with?
edema and leukocyte diapedesis
where in the vascular pathway does gas exchange occur?
capillary beds
T/F: All vessels may spread disease?
true
which vascular structure is more prone to metastatic invasion?
veins
which vascular structures have valves?
veins
what vessels drain interstitial fluid?
lymphatic vessels
what’s another name for lymph nodes?
lymph follicles
what vessels are lined with endothelial cells?
ALL vessels
what is the MAIN feature of the lining of vessels? the other features?
main: non-thrombogenic interface other: regulates vasoreactivity & cell growth
what is endothelial activation? what’s it caused by?
pro-inflammatory response to trauma in vessels. caused by vascular lesions (HTN, diabetes, irradiation, infxn), thrombosis, atherosclerosis
are vascular anomalies typically symptomatic?
nope, most relevant during surgery









