Chapter 9 Flashcards
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Handle Relations With Other Nations
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
President: George Washington
Vice President: John Adams
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
Treasury Department
Deals With Financial Matters
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
War Department
Deals With the Nation’s Defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Secretary of State, Secretary of Treasury, Secretary of War, along with the Attorney General
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Secretary of State: Thomas Jefferson
Secretary of Treasury: Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of Treasury
What act established a federal court system?
The Judiciary Act of 1789
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Declare Unconstitutional and throw out???
Who was John Jay?
1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt?
The amount a Government owes
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Make them all into one National Debt.
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
Southern States because they owed less than the Northern States & would have to pay more than their share to compensate.
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
The capital would be moved to the south, Washington DC
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
He said it fell within the intent of the Constitution
What is a tariff?
A tax on Imported Goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government. (July 1794)
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
He said that is how long a president can serve.
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
The Bill of Rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
The first 10 amendments
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Freedom of- Speech Religion Assembly Press Petition
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
Firearms ( Right to bear arms)
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Protects against unreasonable search and seizure without probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th Ammendment
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Due process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th Amendment
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Claiming that the Bill of Rights are the only rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
The states
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
Strong Federal Government
Rule by the Wealthy
Loose Interpretation of the Constitution
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
Strong State Governments
Rule by the people
Strict interpretation of the Constitution
Backed France
How did Washington feel about political parties?
They would divide the people and keep he government from working together
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
XYZ Affair
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
To protect the security of the nation and slow immigration
What was the Naturalization Act?
Required aliens to live in the United States for 14 years before being able to apply for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed the president to deport aliens that were considered dangerous.
What was the Sedition Act?
It was a crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the government
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
The 1st Ammendment
What was affirmed by the KY and VA resolutions?
States’ Rights
