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EMT > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Secondary muscles for respiration

A

Accessory Muscles

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2
Q

Any deviation form alert or oriented to person, place time and event or any DEVIATION FROM A PATIENTS NORMAL BASELINE MENTAL STATUS

A

Altered mental status

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3
Q

To listen to sounds within an organ with a stethoscope

A

Auscultate

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4
Q

A method of assessing the level of consciousness by determining whether the patient is awake and alert, responsive to verbal stimuli or pain, or unresponsive; used principally early i the assessment process

A

AVPU scale

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5
Q

A slow heart rate, less than 60 beats/min

A

Bradycardia

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6
Q

An indication of air movement in the lungs usually assessed with a stethoscope

A

breath sounds

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7
Q

A test that evaluates distal circulatory system function by squeezing (blanching) blood from an area such as the nail bed and watching the speed of its return after releasing the pressure

A

Capillary refill

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8
Q

A noninvasive method to quickly and efficiently provide information on a patients ventilators status, circulation, and metabolism; effectively measures the concentration of carbon dioxide in expired air over time

A

Capnography

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9
Q

A component of air that typically makes up 0.3% of air at sea level; also a waste product exhaled during expiration by respiratory system

A

Carbon Dioxide

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10
Q

The reason a patient called for help; also, the patients response to questions such as “What’s wrong?” Or “What happened”

A

Chief complaint

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11
Q

In incident management, the position that oversees the incident, establishes the objectives and priorities, and develops a response plan.

A

Command

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12
Q

The delicate membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the exposed surface of the eyes

A

Conjunctiva

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13
Q

Crackling, rattling breath sounds signaling fluid in the air spaces of the lungs; formerly called tales

A

Crackles

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14
Q

A grating or grinding sensation caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together; also air bubbles under the skin that produce a crackling sound or crinkly feeling

A

Crepitus

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15
Q

A blue-grey skin color that is caused by a reduced level of exogenous in the blood

A

Cyanosis

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16
Q

A mnemonic for assessment in which each area of the body is evaluated for deformities, contusions, abrasions, punctures/penetrations, burns, tenderness, lacerations, and swelling

A

DCAP-BTLS

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17
Q

Characterized by light or profuse sweating

A

Diaphoretic

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18
Q

The pressure that remains in the arteries during the relaxing phase of the hearts cycle (diastole) when the left ventricle is at rest

A

Diastolic pressure

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19
Q

Any injury that prevents the patient from noticing other injuries he or she may have, even severe injuries; for example, a painful femur or tibia fracture that prevents the patient from noticing back pain associated with a spinal fracture.

A

distracting injury

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20
Q

Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing

A

Dyspnea

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21
Q

A disease of the lungs in which there is a extreme dilation and eventual destruction of the pulmonary alveoli with poor exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide; it is one form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

A

Emphysema

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22
Q

A type of physical assessment typically performed on patients who have sustained no significant mechanisms of injury or on responsive medical patients. This type of examination is based on the chief complaint and focuses on one body system or part.

A

Focused assessment

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23
Q

Damage to tissues as the result of exposure to col; frozen or partially frozen body parts

A

Frostbite

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24
Q

The overall initial impression that determines the priority for patient care; based on the patient’s surroundings, the mechanism of injury, signs and symptoms, and chief complaint

A

General impression

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25
Q

The time from injury to definitive care, during which treatment of shock and traumatic injuries should occur because survival potential is best; also called the golden period

A

Golden hour

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26
Q

Involuntary muscle contractions(spasm) of the abdominal wall to minimize the pain of movement and protect the inflamed abdomen; a sign of peritonitis

A

Guarding

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27
Q

A step within the patient assessment process that provides detail about the patients chief complaint and an account of the patients signs and symptoms

A

History taking

28
Q

Blood pressure that is higher than the normal range

A

Hypertension

29
Q

Blood pressure that is lower than the normal range

A

Hypotension

30
Q

A condition in which the internal or core body temp falls below 95

A

Hypothermia

31
Q

Yellow skin or sclera that is caused by liver disease or dysfunction

A

Jaundice

32
Q

the forces or energy transmission, applied to the body that cause injury

A

Mechanism of injury

33
Q

the general type of illness a patient is experiencing

A

Nature of illness

34
Q

A mnemonic used in evaluating a patients pain:

A

OPQRST

35
Q

The mental status of a patient as measured by memory of person(name), place (current location), time (year, month, date), and event (what happened)

A

Orientation

36
Q

to examine by touch

A

Palpate

37
Q

The motion of the portion of the chest wall that is detached in a flail chest; the motion-in during inhalation, out during exhalation-is exactly the opposite of normal chest wall motion during breathing

A

Paradoxical motion

38
Q

Negative findings that warrant no care or intervention

A

Pertinent negatives

39
Q

A painful, tender, persistent erection of the penis; can result from spinal cord injury, erectile dysfunction drugs, or sickle cell disease

A

Priapism

40
Q

A step within the patient assessment process that identifies and initiates treatment of immediate and potential life threats

A

Primary assessment

41
Q

An assessment tool that measures oxygen saturation of hemoglobin

A

Puls oximetry

42
Q

A step within the patient assessment process performed at regular intervals during the assessment process to identify and treat changes in a patients condition. This should occur every 5 min for a patient in unstable condition and every 15 for patient in stable condition

A

Reassessment

43
Q

The way in which a patient responds to external stimuli including verbal stimuli, tactile stimuli(touch), and painful stimuli

A

Responsiveness

44
Q

Movements in which the skin pulls in around the ribs during inspiration

A

Retractions

45
Q

Coarse, low-pitched breath sounds heard in patients with CHRONIC MUCUS IN THE UPPER AIRWAYS

A

Rhonchi

46
Q

A brief history of a patients condition o determine signs and symptoms allergies medications pertinent past history last oral intake and events leading to injury or illness

A

SAMPLE

47
Q

A step within the patient assessment process that involves a quick assessment of the scene and the Ur rounding some to provide information about scene safety and the mechanism of injury or nature of illness before you enter and begin patient care

A

Scene size up

48
Q

The tough, fibrous, white portion of the eye that protects the more delicate inner structures

A

Sclera

49
Q

A step within the patient assessment process in which a systematic physical examination of the patient is performed. The examination may be a systematic exam or an assessment that focuses on a certain area or region of the body, often determined through the chief complaint.

A

Secondary assessment

50
Q

Respirations characterized by little movement of the chest wall or poor chest excursion

A

Shallow respirations

51
Q

Knowledge and understanding of ones surroundings and the ability to recognize potential risks to the safety of the patient or EMS team

A

Situational Awareness

52
Q

The ongoing process of information gathering and scene evaluation to determine appropriate Strategie and tactics to manage an emergency

A

Size-up

53
Q

An UPRIGHT POSITION in which the patient’s head and chin are thrust slightly forward to keep the airway open; the optimum position for the uninjured child who requires airway management.

A

Sniffing position

54
Q

Breathing that occurs without assistance

A

Spontaneous respirations

55
Q

A harsh, high-pitched respiratory sound, generally heard during inspiration, that is caused by partial blockage or narrowing of the upper airway; may be audible without a stethoscope.

A

Stridor

56
Q

A characteristic crackling sensation felt on palpation of the skin, caused by presence of air in soft tissues

A

Subcutaneous emphysema

57
Q

Subjective findings that the patient feels but that can be identified only by the patients

A

Symptom

58
Q

The increased pressure in an artery with each contraction of the ventricles

A

Systolic pressure

59
Q

A rapid heart rate more than 100 beats/min

A

Tachycardia

60
Q

Longitudinal force applied to a structure

A

Traction

61
Q

the process of sorting patients based on severity of injury and medical need to establish treatment and transportation priorities

A

Triage

62
Q

An upright position in which the patient leans forward onto outstretched arms with the head and chin thrust slightly forward

A

Tripod position

63
Q

A severe breathing problem in which a patient can speak only two to three words at a time without pausing to take a breath

A

2-3 word dyspnea

64
Q

The narrowing of a blood vessel, such as with Hypo-perfusion or cold extremities.

A

Vasoconstriction

65
Q

the KEY SIGNS that are used to evaluate the patients overall condition, including respirations, Puls, blood pressure, LOC, and skin characteristics

A

Vital signs

66
Q

A high-pitched, whistling breath sound that is most prominent on expiration, and which suggests an obstruction or narrowing of the lower airways

A

Wheezing

EMT (18 decks)

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