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EMT > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

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NREMT® EMT flashcards
1
Q

The upper tract or the passage above the larynx, which includes the nose, mouth, throat

A

Upper airway

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2
Q

the volume of air moved through the lungs in 1 min minus the dead space; calculated by the multiplying tidal volume (minus dead space) and respiratory rate

A

Alveolar ventilation

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3
Q

the vol of air that reaches the alveoli. It is determined by subtracting the amount of dead space air from the tidal vol.

A

Alveolar ventilation

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4
Q

A safety SYSTEM for large oxygen cylinders, designed to prevent the accidental attachment of a regulator to a cylinder containing the wrong type of gas

A

American Standard safety system

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5
Q

Absence of spontaneous breathing

A

Apnea

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6
Q

In context of airway, the introductions of vomitus or other foreign material into the lungs

A

Aspiration

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7
Q

Irregular, ineffective respirations that may or may not have an identifiable pattern

A

Ataxic Respirations

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8
Q

A ventilation device attached to a control box that allows the variables of ventilation to be set. It frees the EMT to perform other tasks while the patient is being ventilated

A

Automatic transport ventilator

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9
Q

a device with a one-way valve and a face mask attached to a. Ventilation bag; when attached to a reservoir and connected to oxygen, it delivers more than 90% supplemental oxygen

A

BVM

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10
Q

A protective item, such as a pocket mask with a valve, that limits exposure to a patients body fluids

A

Barrier device

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11
Q

Subdivision of the smaller bronchi in the lungs; made of smooth muscle and dilate or constrict in response to various stimuli

A

Bronchioles

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12
Q

The use of a capon meter, a device that measures the amount of expired carbon dioxide

A

Capnometry

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13
Q

Point at which the trachea bifurcates (divides) into the left and right main stem bronchi

A

Carina

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14
Q

Monitor the levels of O2, CO2, and the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid and then provide feedback to the respiratory centers to modify the rate and depth of breathing based on the body’s needs at any given time

A

Chemoreceptors

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15
Q

the ability of the alveoli to expand when air is drawn in during inhalation

A

Compliance

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16
Q

A method of ventilation used primarily in the treatment of critically ill patients with respiratory distress; can prevent the need for endotracheal intubation

A

CPAP

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17
Q

the amount of carbon dioxide present at the end of an exhaled breath

A

End-tidal co2

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18
Q

the passive part of the breathing process in which the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles relax forcing air out of the lungs

A

Exhalation

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19
Q

The exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood cells in the pulmonary capillaries; also called pulmonary respiration

A

External respiration

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20
Q

A normal reflex mechanism that causes retching; activated by touching the soft palate or the back of the throat

A

Gag reflex

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21
Q

A condition in which air fills the stomach, often as a result of high volume and pressure during artificial ventilation

A

Gastric distention

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22
Q

A term used to distinguish the degree of distress in a patient with a. Mild airway obstruction. With this, the patient is still conscious and able to cough forcefully, although wheezing may be heard

A

Good air exchange

23
Q

A combination of two movements to open the airway by tilting the forehead back and lifting the chin; not used for trauma patients

A

head tilt-chin lift maneuver

24
Q

Increased carbon dioxide level in the bloodstream

A

Hypercarbia

25
Q

A dangerous condition in which the the body’s tissues and cells do not have enough oxygen

A

Hypoxia

26
Q

The active, muscular part of breathing that draws air into the airway and lungs; also a medication delivery route

A

Inhalation

27
Q

The exchange of gases between teh blood cells and the tissues

A

Internal respirations

28
Q

Bypassing of oxygen-poor blood past nonfunctional alveoli to the left side of the heart

A

Intrapulmonary shunting

29
Q

Technique to open the airway by placing the fingers behind the angle of the jaw and bringing the jaw forward; used for patients who may have a cervical sine injury

A

Jaw thrust

30
Q

A complex structure formed by many independent cartilaginous structures that all work together; where the upper airway ends and the lower airway begins also called the voice box

A

Larynx

31
Q

A fixed flow rate ventilation device that delivers a breath every time its button is pushed; also referred to as a flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device

A

Manually triggered ventilation device

32
Q

Space within the chest that contains the heart, major blood vessels, vagus nerve, trachea, major bronchi, and esophagus; located between the two lungs

A

Mediastinum

33
Q

Occurs when a foreign body partially obstructs the patients airway. The patient is able to move adequate amounts of air, but also experiences some degree of respiratory distress

A

Mild airway obstruction

34
Q

A combination mask and reservoir bag system that is the preferred way to give oxygen in the prehospital setting; delivers up to 90% inspired oxygen and prevents inhaling the exhaled gases

A

Nonrebreathing mask

35
Q

The process of delivering oxygen to the blood by diffusion form the alveoli following inhalation into the lungs

A

Oxygenation

36
Q

Thin membrane that lines the chest cavity

A

Parietal Pleura

37
Q

Describes the amount of gas in air or dissolved in fluid such as blood

A

Partial pressure

38
Q

the act of air moving in and out of the lungs during chest compression

A

Passive ventilaiton

39
Q

Open, Clear of obstruction

A

Patent

40
Q

Nerve that innervates the diaphragm; necessary for adequate breathing to occur.

A

Phrenic nerve

41
Q

A system established for portable cylinders to ensure that a regulator is not connected to a cylinder containing the wrong type of gas

A

Pin-indexing system

42
Q

A partial or complete accumulation of air in the pleural spaces

A

Pneumothorax

43
Q

A term used to describe the degree of distress in a patient with a mild airway obstruction. With this, the patient often has weak, ineffective cough, increased difficulty breathing, or possible cyanosis and may produce a high-pitched noise using inhalation (Stridor).

A

Poor air exchange

44
Q

Occurs when a foreign body completely obstructs the patients airway. The patient cannot breathe talke or cough

A

Severe airway obstruction

45
Q

An opening through the skin and into an organ or other structure; for example, the neck, it connects the trachea directly tot he skin

A

Stoma

46
Q

A hollow, cylindrical device used to remove fluid from the patients airway

A

Suction catheter

47
Q

A liquid protein substance that coats the alveoli in the lungs decreases alveolar surface tension, and keeps the alveoli expanded; a low level in a premature infant contributes to respiratory distress syndrome

A

Surfactant

48
Q

An accumulation of air or gas in the pleural space that progressively increases pressure in the chest that interferes with cardiac function with potentially fatal results

A

Tension pneumothorax

49
Q

Large, semirigid suction tips recommended for suctioning the pharynx also called yankauer tips

A

Tonsil tips

50
Q

A surgical procedure to create and opening into the trachea; a stoma in the neck connects the trachea directly to the skin

A

Tracheostomy

51
Q

Thin membrane that covers the lungs

A

Visceral pleura

52
Q

the amount of air that can be forcibly expelled form the lungs after breathing in as deeply as possible

A

Vital capacity

53
Q

Thin white bands of tough muscular tissue that are lateral borders the glottis and serve as the primary center for speech production

A

Vocal cords

EMT (18 decks)

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