Chapter 9

Question 1

viewing a situation as worse than it actually is

Answer 1

cognitive distortion

Question 2

means to help people cope with anxiety by changing the perceptions associated with the stressor

Answer 2

rational emotive behavior therapy

Question 3

substituting negative thoughts with positive thoughts

Answer 3

cognitive restructuring

Question 4

a model that reveals how we potentially perceive sensory information, for better or worse

Answer 4

information processing model

Question 5

repeated negative thoughts processing that tends to pollute our view of our lives and ourselves

Answer 5

toxic thoughts

Question 6

a program designed to look at how our thoughts control our language and how our language influences our behavior

Answer 6

neurolinguistic programming

Question 7

mindset of continually seeing oneself as a victim

Answer 7

victimization

Question 8

we can all harness the power of optimism into positive thinking

Answer 8

flexible optimism

Question 9

the perpetual conversation hear in the minds

Answer 9

self talk

Question 10

seeing the worst in every situation

Answer 10

pessimism

Question 11

making the worst out of every situation

Answer 11

catastrophizing

Question 12

shifting the responsibility of a problem away from oneself

Answer 12

blaming

Question 13

perpetually imposing above human standards on oneself

Answer 13

perfectionism

Question 14

a condition where things are always viewed in extremes

Answer 14

polarized thinking

Question 15

reprimanding oneself for things one should have done

Answer 15

should-ing

Question 16

blowing things out of proportion

Answer 16

magnifying

Question 17

a coping technique where one consciously stops the run of negative thoughts going through ones head

Answer 17

thought stopping

Question 18

a concept that suggests that some grieving is appropriate and healthy

Answer 18

brief grief

Question 19

a mindset where one tends to see the bad in every situation

Answer 19

awfulizing

Question 20

a negative perception is substituted for neutral or positive one with denying the situtation

Answer 20

reframing

Question 21

coming to terms with what one cannot change and moving on with one’s life

Answer 21

acceptance

Question 22

process of managing demands that are appraised as exceeding individual’s resources

Answer 22

coping

Question 23

what are types of coping resources?

Answer 23

palliative and instrumental

Question 24

mental process that includes assortment of thinking and reasoning skills

Answer 24

cognition

Question 25

who created the rational emotive behavior therapy?

Answer 25

albert ellis

Question 26

what does the rational emotive behavior therapy do?

Answer 26

helps people cope with anxiety through new perspectives

Question 27

model that reveals how we potentially perceive sensory information

Answer 27

information processing model

Question 28

resulting attitudes of the information processing model

Answer 28

defensive, neutral, offensive

Question 29

What are the phases of the processing model of human thought?

Answer 29

Input, Processing input, output

Question 30

self sabotaging effect that undermines conscious minds best efforts to make positive things happen

Answer 30

unconscious resistance

Question 31

negative perception is substituted for a neutral opposite one

Answer 31

reframing

Question 32

What are the steps to initiate cognitive restructuring?

Answer 32

Awareness, reappraisal of situation, adoption and substitution, and evaluation

Question 33

what are the criteria for a coping technique to be effective?

Answer 33

-increases awareness
-modified behavior
-information processing
-peaceful resolution

Question 34

what are some distinct styles that can lead to stress?

Answer 34

-overgeneralization
-magnification
-should statements
-jumping consclusions

Question 35

how can unconscious resistance be fixed?

Answer 35

combining the power of conscious and unconscious minds

Question 36

what is the origin of toxic thoughts?

Answer 36

feelings of shame and guilt from early childhood

Question 37

what are the steps in the processing model?

Answer 37

-awareness
-reappraisal of situation
-adoption and substitution
-evaluation

Question 38

positive emotional regulation process during a stressful encounter

Answer 38

palliative coping

Question 39

implementation of a series of effective coping skills to alter one’s behavior in response to stress

Answer 39

instrumental coping

Question 40

people evading the problem rather than taking precautions

Answer 40

avoidance versus confrontation

Question 41

people often fight a situation rather than taking precautions to ensure it doesn’t happen

Answer 41

combative versus preventive

Question 42

having a can do attitude

Answer 42

self-efficacy