Chapter 9 Flashcards
Assessment process is broken down into what five parts?
Scene size-up
Primary assessment
history taking
Secondary assessment
Reassessment
Be able to distinguish between a sign and a symptom
Symptom is a subjective condition that the patient feels and tells you about.
A sign is an objective condition that you can observe or measure.
When does scene safety occur?
First thing when you arrive on the scene.
What is the difference between MOI and NOI?
Mechanism of injury (MOI)
The forces, or energy transmission, applied to the body that cause injury
Nature of illness (NOI)
The general type of illness a patient is experiencing.
What is chief complaint?
The reason a patient called for help; also, the patient’s response to questions such as “what’s wrong?” or “what happened?”
What is personal protective equipment (PPE)?
Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or hazardous material.
Be able to break down the components of the incident command system
With multiple patients, use the incident, command system, call for additional resources, and then begin triage.
What is triage?
Triage is the process of sorting patients based on the severity of their condition.
What occurs during the primary assessment and how long should it take?
A step within the patient assessment process that identifies and initiates treatment of immediate and potential life-threats
It should only take a few minutes for the primary assessment
When would you perform a rapid exam versus a focused exam on a medical or trauma patient?
RAPID MEDICAL ASSESSMENT – performed on patients who are unconscious, confused, or unable to adequately relate their chief complaint
What does it mean to form a general impression of your patient?
The overall initial impression that determines the priority of patient care; based on the patient’s surrounding, the mechanism of injury, signs and symptoms, and the chief complaint.
What scale is used to assess a patient level of consciousness?
The AVPU scale
What does it mean if you were to say the patient is A&O x 4
someone who is alert and oriented to person, place, time and event.
What is a priapism?
A painful, tender, persistent erection of the penis; can result of spinal cord injury, erectile dysfunction drugs, or sickle cell disease.
What is a distracting injury?
An injury that prevents the patient from noticing other injuries he or she may have, even severe injuries; for example, a painful femur or tibia fracture that prevents the patient from noticing back pain associated with a spinal fracture
What pulse point would you assess on a conscious adult versus an unconscious adult?
Conscious adults should get a radial pulse check and unconscious adults should get a carotid check
Be able to identify the different skin colors:
Cyanosis (peripheral & central)
Jaundice
Cyanosis; a blue – gray skin color that is caused by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood
Jaundice; yellow skin or sclera that is caused by liver disease or dysfunction
What is the medical term for sweaty skin?
hyperhidrosis
What is normal capillary refill time?
2 seconds or less
Be able to identify the components of DCAP-BLS-TIC
An acronym that stands for deformities, contusions, abrasions, penetrations/perforations, burns, lacerations, and swelling, tenderness, instability, and crepitus
What is the “golden hour”?
The time from injury to definitive care, during which treatment of shock and traumatic injuries should occur because survival potential is best; also called the Golden Period.
Be able to identify the components of OPQRST-ASPN
Onset
Provocation/palliation
Quality
Radiation
Severity
Time
Associated Symptoms
Pertinent Negatives
Be able to identify the components of SAMPLE
Signs and symptoms
Allergies
Medications
Pertinent past medical history
Events leading up to the injury or illness
What is differential diagnosis?
The process of distinguishing one disease or health problem from another.
