chapter 9 Flashcards
what phrase do we use to say something is logically the same
logically equivalent
what are the tree ways stamens can be converted into their logical equivalence
obversion, conversion, and contraposition
give the two step method for obviating a statement
1) change the quality of the sentence 2) negate the predicate
how do you change the quality of a sentence
if the stamens is affirmative you make it negative and vise versa
how do you negate the predicate
place a not in front of the predicate
with which of the four categorical statements can obversion be used
all four
what happens to the predicate in “I” statements when they are obverted
you get a double negative
how double negatives happen
you have to negate a predicate which already has a not in it
what are the four ways you can handle the double negated predicate in an “I” statement
1) have two nots in a statement 2) make not before predicate “non” 3) make negative part of the word (im un in ir) 4) double
can you negate the predicate term large by changing it to small
no the negation to which the thing refers must not be large or small but somewhere in-between
when an “I” statement has been obverted how many negations are contained in the predicate before applying the rule of double negation
tree
when the o statement has been obverted and the rule of double negation applied, to what is the stamens similar
the one you started with
how do you convert a statement
you interchange the subject and the predicate
which of the categorical statements can be converted
E and I
is there a way the a stamens can be converted if so how
Be partially converted to I statement. Partial converstion of A statement is done by changing subject & predicate; changing universal to particular.
