Chapter 8.4 - 8.5 Flashcards
What is a prolonged unconscious state, sometimes irreversible, that usually comes from damage to the nervous system?
Coma
What is the transparent, jelly-like substance between the lens and rear of the eye?
Vitreous humor
What is degeneration and inflammation of the nerves?
Neuritis
What category of senses do pressure and temperature changes (primarily skin senses) fall under?
Somatic senses
What is a minor brain injury?
Concussion
What is the leading cause of death throughout the world?
Stroke
What is the ability to see only near objects clearly?
Myopia (Nearsightedness)
What type of sleep do dreams usually occur during?
REM sleep
What is the pathway through which microbes travel from the throat to the middle ear during an ear infection?
Eustachian tube
What is a condition caused by a pinching of the sciatic nerve and is felt as pain in the lower back and thigh?
Sciatica
What is the term for farsightedness occurring because of age?
Presbyopia
What is the transparent portion of the eye that receives the light that enters the eye?
Cornea
What type of receptors respond to temperature changes?
Thermoreceptors
What is the clear fluid between the iris and lens?
Aqueous humor
What is the tough, white layer of outer tissue that protects the interior of the eye?
Sclera
What chamber of the ear contains the malleus, stapes, and incus?
Middle ear
What is the focusing problem caused by an asymmetrically curved cornea?
Astigmatism
What is the condition in which the spinal nerves protrude from the spinal cord in an injured neck?
Whiplash
What part of the eye focuses the rays of light passing through?
Lens
What part of the ear is open to the outside of the body?
Outer ear
What type of cell in the retina is responsible for color vision?
Cones
What common cause of blindness is a condition in which the pressure of fluid inside the eye is much too high?
Glaucoma
What is the region of the light-sensitive layer of the eye that produces the clearest vision?
Fovea
Where are tears produced?
Lacrimal glands (tear glands)
What sensory receptors are responsible for the sensations of touch and pressure?
Mechanoreceptors
What part of the ear is the actual organ for hearing?
Inner ear
What is the term for the protective casing for the eye?
Socket (or orbit)
What are the two types of cells inside the light-sensitive layer of the retina?
Rods and Cones
What are the sensors that obtain and relay information to the spinal cord?
Sensory receptors
What type of sleep do dreams occur during?
REM sleep
What is the term for people who cannot distinguish one or more primary colors?
Colorblind
What connects the nose’s sensory receptors to the brain?
Olfactory nerve
What set of muscles is responsible for moving the eye?
Extrinsic muscles
What is a bare dendrite that reacts to a certain type of strong stimulus?
Pain receptor
What delicate and most important part of the eye is the innermost layer of the eye?
Retina
What is the substance inside rod cells that absorbs light?
Rhodopsin
