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Biology > Chapter 10.2 > Flashcards

Chapter 10.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the most efficient pump in the world?

A

Heart

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2
Q

What is the tough, white sac that encases the heart to protect and support the heart?

A

Pericardium

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3
Q

What is the term for the four hollow spaces inside the heart?

A

Chambers

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4
Q

What are the thin-walled upper chambers of the heart?

A

Atria (sing. atrium)

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5
Q

What are the thick-walled lower chambers of the heart?

A

Ventricles

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6
Q

What are the structures that prevent blood from flowing the wrong direction?

A

Valves

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7
Q

What are the valves that allow the blood to flow from each atrium into the corresponding ventricle?

A

A-V valves

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8
Q

What are the body’s largest veins?

A

Venae cavae

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9
Q

What artery transports blood from the heart to the lungs?

A

Pulmonary artery

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10
Q

What transports oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

A

Pulmonary veins

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11
Q

What is the body’s largest artery?

A

Aorta

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12
Q

What are the blood vessels through which blood enters the interior of the heart?

A

Coronary arteries

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13
Q

What blood vessels allow blood to leave the cardiac muscle tissue?

A

Cardiac veins

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14
Q

What system of special heart cells regulates the beating of the heart?

A

Cardiac conduction system

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15
Q

What is the master control unit of the heart?

A

Sinoatrial node

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16
Q

What is the bridge that provides the only electrical pathway to the ventricles?

A

Atrioventricular node (A-V node)

17
Q

What is the medical test in which doctors study the electrical activity of the heart?

A

Electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG)

18
Q

What is the contracting and pumping phase of the heart?

A

Systole

19
Q

What is the relaxing and filling phase of the heart?

A

Diastole

20
Q

What do the two parts of the cardiac cycle form?

A

Heartbeat

21
Q

What condition is a rushing or blowing sound produced by damage to a heart valve?

A

Heart murmur

22
Q

What type of heart failure is caused by a blockage of blood flow to the heart muscles?

A

Heart attack

23
Q

What type of heart failure occurs when the heart stops beating, but begins twitching randomly instead?

A

Ventricular fibrillation

Biology (39 decks)

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