Chapter 8.2 - Exam Review

Question 1

What are the two main layers of the atmosphere?

Answer 1

• Troposphere.

- Stratosphere.

Question 2

What is the name of the boundary between the main divisions of the atmosphere?

Answer 2

Tropopause.

Question 3

In which division or layer of the atmosphere does most of the weather occur?

Answer 3

Troposphere.

Question 4

In the standard atmosphere, what is the sea level temperature?

Answer 4

+15°C.

Question 5

In the standard atmosphere, what is the sea level pressure?

Answer 5

1013 hPa.

Question 6

What is the temperature lapse rate in the standard atmosphere and what is its other name (2)?

Answer 6

• 2°C per 1000ft.

- ISA Environmental Lapse Rate.

Question 7

What is the pressure lapse rate below 10 000ft in the standard atmosphere?

Answer 7

30 feet per 1 hPa.

Question 8

Define Radiation?

Answer 8

The method which heat is transferred through space by electromagnetic waves.

Question 9

Define Conduction?

Answer 9

The method which heat is transferred through contact.

Question 10

Define Convection?

Answer 10

The method which heat is transferred through vertical movement in the atmosphere.

Question 11

Define Advection?

Answer 11

The method which heat is transferred through horizontal movement in the atmosphere.

Question 12

Define Evaporation?

Answer 12

The process where water changes from liquid to gas.

Question 13

Define Condensation?

Answer 13

The process where water changes from gas to liquid.

Question 14

Define Freezing?

Answer 14

The process where water changes from liquid to gas.

Question 15

Describe how surface air temperature is measured?

Answer 15

Measured using thermometers placed in a box, suspended 1.25m in the air, to avoid ground temperature influences.

Question 16

Is the temperature of the air immediately above the ground always the same as the ‘surface temperature’ measured in a Stevenson screen?

Answer 16

No.

Question 17

Define Isotherm?

Answer 17

A line drawn on a chart joining places of equal temperature.

Question 18

Define Temperature Inversion?

Answer 18

Section of the atmosphere where temperature increases as height increases.

Question 19

Define Isobar?

Answer 19

A line drawn on a map joining places of equal pressure.

Question 20

Define Horizontal Pressure Gradient?

Answer 20

The rate of change in MSL pressure per unit of distance.

Question 21

Define Saturated Air?

Answer 21

When the air contains the maximum amount of water vapour at a given temperature.

Question 22

Define Relative Humidity?

Answer 22

The ratio amount of water vapour in the air to the maximum amount of water vapour the air can hold at that temperature.

Question 23

Define Dew-point?

Answer 23

The temperature at which the air can no longer hold all water vapour.

Question 24

What effect does a change in temperature have on air density?

Answer 24

Any increase/decrease in temperature will have the opposite effect on air density.

Question 25

What effect does a change in pressure have on air density?

Answer 25

Any increase/decrease in pressure will have the same effect on air density.

Question 26

What effect does a change in humidity have on air density?

Answer 26

Any increase/decrease in humidity will have the opposite effect on air density.