Chapter 8- Transport in animals

Question 1

Define positive cooperativity

Answer 1

When one O2 binds to Hb, it changes the shape of the Hb, making it easier for more O2 to bind on.

Question 2

What is the Bohr effect?

Answer 2

When more oxygen is given off more easily by haemoglobin when the partial pressure of carbon dioxide rises.

Question 3

Define chloride shift

Answer 3

When hydrogen carbonate ions diffuse into the blood plasma, out of the erythrocytes, and chloride ions move into the erythrocytes to maintain the electrical balance.

Question 4

Define systole

Answer 4

Contraction of the heart

Question 5

Define diastole

Answer 5

Relaxing of the heart

Question 6

Define tachycardia

Answer 6

Rapid heartbeat, over 100bpm

Question 7

Define bradycardia

Answer 7

Slow heartbeat, below 60bpm

Question 8

Define ectopic heartbeat

Answer 8

Extra heartbeats out of the normal rhythm

Question 9

Define atrial fibrillation

Answer 9

Abnormal rhythm of heart- rapid impulses generated at atria.