Chapter 8 Test Flashcards
This refers to the shaft of a long bone
Diaphysis
This is the strong fibrous membrane covering most of the long bone
Periosteum
This term refers to the ends of a long bone
Epiphyses
This membrane lines the medullary cavity
Endosteum
This is the location in the long bone where blood cell production occurs
Epiphyses
A foramen is
Openings
Bone building cells are called
Osteoblasts
These are bone resorbing cells
Osteoclasts
The skeleton can still grow as long as there is cartilage left in the
Epiphyseal plate
This is the number of bones in the adult vertebral column
24
An abnormal side to side curve in the cerebral column is called
Scoliosis
Endosteum can be found
Lining the medullary cavity
Muscle tendon fibers attach to bone by connecting with
Periosteum
This is the number of pairs of true ribs
7
The sutures are an example of this type of joint
Immovable
This type of joint uses cartilage to connect bone
Freely movable
Freely movable joints
make up the vast majority of joints in the body
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal refer to
Spinal curves
These joints permit the widest range of movement
ball and socket
Another name for a compound fracture is
an open fracture
An osteocyte is a
Mature bone cell
T/f: A function of the skeletal system is to act as a storage area for calcium
true
T/f: The skeletal system supplies a place for the formation of blood cells
True
T/f: The medullary cavity is the site for blood cell formation in the skeletal system
False
T/f: The periosteum would be deep to the endosteum
False
T/f: Long bones have one diaphysis and two epiphyses
True
T/f: Yellow marrow is stored in the medullary cavity
True
T/f: The medullary cavity is deep to the periosteum
False
T/f: Osteoblasts and osteoclasts have opposite functions in bone formation and growth
True
T/f: The repair of a broken bone would increase the activity of osteoblasts
True
T/f: If the body required more calcium in the blood, the activity of osteoclasts would increase
True
T/f: Growth of a bone can only continue if there is cartilage in the center of the diaphysis
False
T/f: Growth of a bone occurs at the epiphyseal plates
True
T/f: The soft spots on a baby’s skull are called fontanels
True
T/f: In the vertebral column, the coccyx is inferior to the sacrum
True
T/f: Scoliosis results from an exaggerated lumbar curve
False
T/f: Floating ribs join the costal cartilage of the seventh rib
False
T/f: Floating ribs are named “floating” because they are not joined to any bone
True
T/f: The scapula and clavicle form the pectoral girdle
False
T/f: The most important functional difference between the male and female skeleton is related to its role in reproduction
True
T/f: Ligaments are strong bands of connective tissue that connect bones to other bones
True
T/f: The articular cartilage has two functions: to act as a shock absorber and to reduce friction in the joint
True
T/f: Flexion is a characteristic movement of a pivot join
False
T/f: The hip joint is an example of a ball and socket joint
True
T/f: Extension is a characteristic movement of a hinge joint
True
Tough connective tissue covering of the bone
Periosteum
the bone resorbing cells
Osteoclast
The ends of a long bone
Epiphyses
The bone building cells
Osteoblast
The shaft of the long bone
Diaphysis
Bone cells
Osteocyte
The layer of connective tissue which lines the medullary cavity
Endosteum
Ankle bone
Tarsals
This bone and the clavicle make up the shoulder girdle
Scapula
The thigh bone
Femur
One of the bones that joins two other to form the hip
Coxal
The bone of the upper arm
Humerus
The bones of the foot
Metatarsals
One of the bones of the forearm
Radius
The bones of the fingers
Phalanges
The bones of the hand
Metacarpals
The shin bone
Tibia
The kneecap
Patella
A teenager wants to be given growth hormone to increase his height. The doctor took an x ray of his wrist to determine if treatment could be started. Explain what the doctor was looking for
The doctor was looking for the growth plates in his bone to see if he was still growing. If he had them the hormones could help him grow.
How is the difference in the role in reproduction reflected in the difference between the male and female skeleton?
In the female skeleton, the pelvis is shorter and wider for child birth. In a male, the pelvis is taller and thinner.
Dr. Haney, an orthopedic surgeon, called the admissions office of a hospital and advised that he would be admitting a patient with an epiphyseal fracture. Without any other information, the patient was assigned to the pediatric floor. What prompted this assignment?
The patient would go to the pediatric floor because the growth plates are still visible (which is what he fractured)
Growth hormone can be given to people to increase their height. this requires rapid bone growth. If a young adult wants to be given growth hormone, x ray films will be taken of his or her skeleton. What is the physician looking for and how would it affect the decision to give or withhold growth hormone?
A physician would be looking for epiphyseal plates to determine if the person was still growing. If the person had them, they could receive the growth hormone. If they didn’t have them, the growth hormone wouldn’t help.
