Chapter 7 Test Flashcards
Which of the following functions is associated with the skin?
protection against ultraviolet radiation of the sun
The integumentary system has many functions, one of which is
Detection of painful stimuli
The layer of fat below the skin is called the
Hypodermis
Which of the following statements concerning the hypodermis is false?
Hypodermis is composed of dense connective tissue with collagen and elastin fibers.
Body fat in the hypodermis
Varies with age and sex
The dermis
Is responsible for most of the skin’s structural strength
Which of the following statements concerning the epidermis is true
The epidermis is nourished by blood vessels located in the dermis
Keratinization
Produces a layer of cells that resist abrasion
Skin color is the result of
The quantity of melanin in the skin
Melanin production can be influenced by
Genetics, hormones, exposure to sunlight, pregnancy
Melanin
Is absent in individuals known as albinos
A victim of an automobile accident goes into shock, which results in decreased blood flow. The victim’s skin will
Become pale
The portion of a hair that protrudes above the surface of the skin is the
Hair shaft
Which of the following hair colors is the result of a decrease in melanin
White
When the arrestor pili muscles contract
“goose bumps” form on the skin
Which of the following statements is false about sebaceous glands?
Sebaceous glands are an example of apocrine glands
The activity of apocrine sweat glands
leads to body odor
Sweat glands
aid in cooling the body
Sweat
is produced by an apocrine gland
Skin glands do not include
Salivary glands
Nails
protect the ends of digits
An increase in body temperature causes
Sweating
Which of the following will help cool the body?
Evaporation of sweat from the skin’s surface
Which vitamin begins its synthesis in the skin’s exposure to ultraviolet light?
Vitamin D
Barney sat on a hot camp stove while on a camping trip. the burn was painful and blistered. His was what type of burn?
Second degree
Which of the following skin changes is usually associated with aging?
Loss of subcutaneous tissue contributes to sagging of the skin
With aging, individuals tent to feel colder and usually need the thermostat in their home set higher in the winter to feel warm enough. This is probably because the elderly
Experience a decrease in the thickness of their subcutaneous fat layer
Thin outer layer of the skin
Epidermis
Responsible for most of the skin’s structural strength
Dermis
Site of fat storage
Hypodermis
A protein that flattens, hardens and makes the skin water resistant
Keratin
Responsible for melanin production
Melanocyte
The portion of the hair that extends above the surface of the skin
Shaft
The epidermal cells from which the hair grows from
Follicle
The portion of the hair below the surface of the skin
Root
Vesicles that contain melanin
Melanocyte
A genetic disease characterized by the inability to produce melanin
Albinism
Loss of pigment in certain areas of skin
Vitiligo
A yellow pigment derived from plants that can impart a yellow color to the skin
Carotene
Bluish skin color caused by decrease in blood oxygen
Cyanosis
Outermost layer of skin
Epidermis
Oil glands of the skin
Sebaceous
Bluish discoloration of the skin
Cyanosis
Skin color caused by liver or gallbladder disease
Jaundice
Increased blood flow to the skin
Flushing
The skin is attached to underlying bone and muscle by the _____
Hypodermis
Melanin is produced only by _____
melanocytes
Body odor results from secretions from the
apocrine sweat glands
Sweat is involved in the regulation of _____
thermoregulation
What is the functional relationship between melanin, melanocytes, and tanning of the skin?
When someone tans, melanocytes are activated, causing melanin to be released resulting in a bronze tint to the skin
What might happen to the skin color of an individual whose diet was mainly carrots, tomatoes, and other yellow vegetables?
When someone eats carrots and other yellow vegetables, there is carotene released which can cause yellowing to the skin
Dry skin
Moisture is lost easier because the skin is looser
Wrinkles
The skin does not have as much fat and collagen is broken down
Age spots
Can develop from the sun or from the skin being thin
Gray hairs
The body loses its ability to produce melanin
Both patient A and patient B suffered burns to their legs when their space heater exploded. Patient A suffered a partial thickness burn while patient B suffered a full thickness burn. Predict the effect their burns will have on skin regeneration and hair growth.
Patient A will recover in a couple weeks because the skin was damaged, there will also be scarring, some hair growth. Patient B will need a skin graft because his skin was destroyed and will most likely not have hair growth.
Why are older individuals more prone to heat exhaustion?
Since their fat breaks down, there is less insulation in the body for them to stay cool/warm
Explain how the integumentary system is used to diagnose cyanosis
The skin can show cyanosis because the skin turns blue from lack of oxygen.
Explain how the integumentary system is used to diagnose jaundice
The skin can show jaundice because it turns yellow which shows signs of jaundice which is caused by the liver.
Challenge: Rebecca noticed a change in the mole on the back of her arm. It appeared to be larger than she remembered, and the border was lopsided and irregular. She made an appointment with her dermatologist because these warning signs could indicate what condition?
It could indicate melanoma-a deadly skin cancer. The dermatologist would perform a biopsy to find out.
