Chapter 8: Social Class and Stratification in Canada Flashcards
What is the level of economic deprivation in which people do not have the means to secure the basic necessities of life?
Absolute Poverty
What is Karl Marx’s term for those who own the means of production?
Capitalist Class (bourgeoisie)
What is the system of social inequality in which peoples status is permanently determined at birth based of their parents ascribed characteristics?
Caste System
What type of stratification based on the ownership and control of resources and on the type of work people do?
Class System
What is the trend in which women are disproportionately represented among individuals living in poverty?
Feminization of Poverty
What is the economic gain derived from wages, salaries, income transfers (governmental aid), and ownership of property?
Income
What is the social movement (up or down) experienced by family members from one generation to the next?
Intergenerational Mobility
What is the social movement (up or down) experienced individuals within their own lifetime?
Intragenerational Mobility
What is the reduction in the proficiency needed to perform a specific job which leads to corresponding reduction in the wages paid for the job?
Job Deskilling
What is Max Weber’s term for the extent to which individuals have access to important societal resources such as food, clothing, shelter, education, and healthcare?
Life Chances
What is the income level at which a family may be in “straitened circumstances” because it spends considerably more on the basic necessities of life (food, shelter, and clothing) then the average family?
Low-income Cutoff
What is the hierarchy in which all positions are rewarded based on people’s ability and credibility?
Meritocracy
What is the relatively low-paying, non-manual, semiskilled positions primarily held by women?
Pink-Collar Occupation
According to Max Weber, what is the ability of people or groups to achieve their goals despite opposition from others?
Power
What is the respect or regard with which a person or status position is regarded by others?
Prestige
What is the level of economic deprivation in which people may be able to afford basic necessities of life but still are unable to maintain an average standard of living?
Relative Poverty
What is the extreme form of stratification in which some people are owned by others?
Slavery
What is the movement of individuals or groups from one level in a stratification system of another?
Social Mobility
What is the hierarchical arrangement of large social groups based on their control over basic resources?
Social Stratification
What is the combined measure that attempts to classify individuals,families, or households in terms of indicators, such as income, occupation, and education, to determine class location?
Socioeconomic Status (SES)
What is the value of all of a persons or families economic assets, including income and property, such as buildings, land, farms, houses, factories, and cars, as well as other assets, such as money in the bank, corporate stocks, bonds, and insurance policies.
Wealth
What is Karl Marx’s term for those who much sell their labour in order to earn enough money to survive?
Working Class (proletariat)
In a caste system, marriage is ________.
endogamous, meaning you could only marry within their own group
What word is used interchangeably with wealth?
net worth
In Marx’s view of social class, what do the capitalists (bourgeoisie) and working class (proletariat) do?
Capitalists: -own and control means of production -achieve wealth through capital Working Class: -works for wages -produce surplus wealth -sell labour as a commodity -Are vulnerable to displacement by machines or cheap labour -Are affected by worker alienation
What is Webers multidimensional approach to social stratification, what are the separate columns?
Wealth, power and prestige.
