Chapter 8: Social Class and Stratification in Canada

Question 1

What is the level of economic deprivation in which people do not have the means to secure the basic necessities of life?

Answer 1

Absolute Poverty

Question 2

What is Karl Marx’s term for those who own the means of production?

Answer 2

Capitalist Class (bourgeoisie)

Question 3

What is the system of social inequality in which peoples status is permanently determined at birth based of their parents ascribed characteristics?

Answer 3

Caste System

Question 4

What type of stratification based on the ownership and control of resources and on the type of work people do?

Answer 4

Class System

Question 5

What is the trend in which women are disproportionately represented among individuals living in poverty?

Answer 5

Feminization of Poverty

Question 6

What is the economic gain derived from wages, salaries, income transfers (governmental aid), and ownership of property?

Answer 6

Income

Question 7

What is the social movement (up or down) experienced by family members from one generation to the next?

Answer 7

Intergenerational Mobility

Question 8

What is the social movement (up or down) experienced individuals within their own lifetime?

Answer 8

Intragenerational Mobility

Question 9

What is the reduction in the proficiency needed to perform a specific job which leads to corresponding reduction in the wages paid for the job?

Answer 9

Job Deskilling

Question 10

What is Max Weber’s term for the extent to which individuals have access to important societal resources such as food, clothing, shelter, education, and healthcare?

Answer 10

Life Chances

Question 11

What is the income level at which a family may be in “straitened circumstances” because it spends considerably more on the basic necessities of life (food, shelter, and clothing) then the average family?

Answer 11

Low-income Cutoff

Question 12

What is the hierarchy in which all positions are rewarded based on people’s ability and credibility?

Answer 12

Meritocracy

Question 13

What is the relatively low-paying, non-manual, semiskilled positions primarily held by women?

Answer 13

Pink-Collar Occupation

Question 14

According to Max Weber, what is the ability of people or groups to achieve their goals despite opposition from others?

Answer 14

Power

Question 15

What is the respect or regard with which a person or status position is regarded by others?

Answer 15

Prestige

Question 16

What is the level of economic deprivation in which people may be able to afford basic necessities of life but still are unable to maintain an average standard of living?

Answer 16

Relative Poverty

Question 17

What is the extreme form of stratification in which some people are owned by others?

Answer 17

Slavery

Question 18

What is the movement of individuals or groups from one level in a stratification system of another?

Answer 18

Social Mobility

Question 19

What is the hierarchical arrangement of large social groups based on their control over basic resources?

Answer 19

Social Stratification

Question 20

What is the combined measure that attempts to classify individuals,families, or households in terms of indicators, such as income, occupation, and education, to determine class location?

Answer 20

Socioeconomic Status (SES)

Question 21

What is the value of all of a persons or families economic assets, including income and property, such as buildings, land, farms, houses, factories, and cars, as well as other assets, such as money in the bank, corporate stocks, bonds, and insurance policies.

Answer 21

Wealth

Question 22

What is Karl Marx’s term for those who much sell their labour in order to earn enough money to survive?

Answer 22

Working Class (proletariat)

Question 23

In a caste system, marriage is ________.

Answer 23

endogamous, meaning you could only marry within their own group

Question 24

What word is used interchangeably with wealth?

Answer 24

net worth

Question 25

In Marx’s view of social class, what do the capitalists (bourgeoisie) and working class (proletariat) do?

Answer 25

Capitalists:
-own and control means of production
-achieve wealth through capital
Working Class:
-works for wages
-produce surplus wealth
-sell labour as a commodity
-Are vulnerable to displacement by machines or cheap labour
-Are affected by worker alienation

Question 26

What is Webers multidimensional approach to social stratification, what are the separate columns?

Answer 26

Wealth, power and prestige.