Chapter 8 Social and Personality Development in Early Childhood Flashcards
aggression
behavior intended to harm another person or an object
authoritarian parenting style
a style of parenting that is low in nurturance an communication, but high in control and maturity demands
authoritative parenting style
a style of parenting that is high in nurturance, maturity demands, control, and communication
cross-gender behavior
behavior that is atypical for one’s own sex but typical for the opposite sex
emotional regulation
the ability to control emotional states and emotion-related behavior
empathy
the ability to identify with another person’s emotion state
extended family
a social network of grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, and so on
gender
the psychological and social associates and implications of biological sex
gender constancy
the understanding that gender is a component of the self that is not altered by external appearance
gender identity
the ability to correctly label oneself and others as male or female
gender schema theory
an information-processing approach to gender concept development, asserting that people use a schema for each gender to process information about themselves and others
gender stability
the understanding that gender is a stable, lifelong characteristic
hostile aggression
aggression used to hurt another person or gain advantage
inductive discipline
a discipline strategy in which parents explain to children why a punished behavior is wrong
instrumental aggression
aggression used to gain or damage an object
parenting styles
the characteristic strategies that parents use to manage children’s behavior
permissive parenting style
a style or parenting that is high in nurturance and low in maturity demands, control, and communication
person perception
the ability to classify others according to categories such as age, gender, and race
prosocial behavior
behavior intended to help another person
sex-typed behavior
different patterns of behavior exhibited by boys and girls
social-cognitive theory
the theoretical perspective that asserts that social and personality development in early childhood is related to improvements in the cognitive domain
social skills
a set of behaviors that usually lead to being accepted as a play partner or friend by peers
uninvolved parenting style
a style of parenting that is low in nurturance, maturity demands, control, and communication
