Chapter 8: Skin Physiology Flashcards
found in the epidermis and has the function of covering and protecting
Epithelial cells
found in the dermis and are responsible for formation of fibers and aid in the production of collagen and elastin
Fibroblast cells
cells found in the Stratum Germinativum that divide and produce new cells to replace the cells that have been shed
Basal cells
give skin it’s color and are not found in the thick skin of the palms of your hand or soles of your feet
Melanocytes
cells that protect the layers of the skin found below the stratum corneum
Squamous cells
respond to allergic stimuli; contain granules with histamines
Mast cells
touch receptors or sensory cells that are only found in thick skin (without hair) in the Stratum Germinativum
Merkel cells
Intercellular connections
Desmosomes
found connecting the dermis to the epidermis
Hemidesmosomes
Toughest layer of the epidermis
Stratum corneum
layer of epidermis found throughout the body but thickest on palms of hands and soles of feet
Stratum lucidum
layer of epidermis composed of granule-shaped cells that are on their way up to the skin’s surface to replace cells shed from the stratum corneum
Stratum granulosum
Light pressure & cold receptors
Meissner’s corpuscles
Long-term pressure & heat receptors
Ruffini’s corpuscles
deep pressure and pain receptors
Pacinian corpuscles
pressure and pain receptors
Krause’s end bulbs
layer of epidermis in which its desmosomes appear as “spines” between the cells that provide strength and support
Stratum spinosum
lowest layer of epidermis; contains basal cells that continually divide through mitosis
Stratum germinativum
found in stratum spinosum and help protect the body from infection
Langerhans cells
layer composed primarily of adipose tissue
Subcutaneous layer
primarily compose the stratum corneum and consist of the protein keratin
Keratinocytes
fibrous protein that helps prevent the skin from sagging
Elastin
physical process of removing dead skin cells with an abrasive product, such as a scrub
Manual Exfoliation
male hormone present in both men and women that influences the amount of serum produced
androgen
process of using natural substances like enzymes and AHAs to cause a chemical reaction that removes skin cells
Chemical exfoliation
an abnormal membranous sac containing a gaseous, liquid or semi-solid substance
Cyst
solid mass within the skin that may be hard, soft, fixed, or freely moving
Nodule / tumor
solid formation above the skin often caused by insect bites or an allergic reaction
Wheal
open lesion visible on the surface of skin; may not perform any skin care services when this condition is present
Ulcer
plugged sebaceous gland with an opening that is not widely dilated
Whitehead
medical term for ringworm
Tinea
open follicle with a black surface plug, which has been oxidized and discolored due to the sebum’s contact with the air
Blackhead
A blackhead
Open comedones
A whitehead
Closed comedones
small elevation of the skin, usually inflammatory, that does not contain pus
Papule
small inflamed elevation filled with bacterial fluid and pus
Pustule
crack or line in the skin due to exposure to wind, cold, or water
Fissure
fluid-filled elevation in the skin caused by localized accumulation of fluids or blood just below the epidermis
Vesicle / blister
discoloration of the skin’s surface, like a large freckle
Macule
