chapter 8 skill and skill acquisition

Question 1

ability

Answer 1

the qualities and characteristics a person is born with such as speed, agility coordination, etc.

Question 2

skill

Answer 2

a learned and practiced ability that brings about the results that you want to achieve with maximum certainty and efficiency.

Question 3

factors that can affect the variation of skill

Answer 3

age and maturity
arousal and conditions
culture
motivation
anxiety 
teaching and coaching
environment 
facilities

Question 4

accurate

Answer 4

achieving precise reliable movements

Question 5

consistent

Answer 5

performing to a high level every time with control and quality.

Question 6

fluent

Answer 6

using movements that are quick and smooth without hesitation.

Question 7

coordinated

Answer 7

moving different parts of the boy with efficiency control.

Question 8

aesthetically pleasing

Answer 8

a display that looks good to the eye of the spectator judge or coach

Question 9

goal-directed

Answer 9

focusing performing on a specific target and being determined to achieve the target,

Question 10

basic skills

Answer 10

simple skills such as throwing, catching, hitting a ball etc

Question 11

complex skills

Answer 11

more difficult skills that require a higher level of coordination and concentration.

Question 12

closed skills

Answer 12

skills that are not affected by the environment or the performers within it.

Question 13

open skills

Answer 13

skills that are affected by the environment; the performer has to adjust to the situation and this will constantly change.

Question 14

fine skills

Answer 14

precise movements that require high levels of accuracy and technique; they are often small movements that require small groups of muscles such as in the fingers

Question 15

gross skills

Answer 15

movements that use large muscle groups to produce big powerful movements; it is usually performed by the arms and legs.

Question 16

information processing model

Answer 16

the four-stage process that a performer goes through to make a decision and act upon it. ( input, decision making, output, feedback)

Question 17

cognitive stage

Answer 17

the preparation stage where you start to learn a new skill and a large number of mistakes will be made here.

Question 18

associative stage

Answer 18

practice stage where you continue repeating and practicing skills and techniques so they improve. The number of mistakes decreases as your skills improve.

Question 19

autonomous stage

Answer 19

the automatic stage where you can perform the skill naturally without conscious thought. Mistakes are rare and when made, you can fix them quickly.

Question 20

guidance

Answer 20

help and instructions given to the learners through movements skills and techniques to help them acquire skills.

Question 21

visual guidance

Answer 21

what you see- learning a skill by watching videos or images or through a demonstration.

Question 22

verbal guidance

Answer 22

what you are told- coach uses words to describe a skill

Question 23

manual guidance

Answer 23

what supports you- a coach can physically guide you through a movement eg a golf swing.

Question 24

mechanical guidance

Answer 24

what you feel- you may need the support of equipment as you start to learn. eg a harness when learning trampoline.