chapter 8 skill and skill acquisition Flashcards
ability
the qualities and characteristics a person is born with such as speed, agility coordination, etc.
skill
a learned and practiced ability that brings about the results that you want to achieve with maximum certainty and efficiency.
factors that can affect the variation of skill
age and maturity arousal and conditions culture motivation anxiety teaching and coaching environment facilities
accurate
achieving precise reliable movements
consistent
performing to a high level every time with control and quality.
fluent
using movements that are quick and smooth without hesitation.
coordinated
moving different parts of the boy with efficiency control.
aesthetically pleasing
a display that looks good to the eye of the spectator judge or coach
goal-directed
focusing performing on a specific target and being determined to achieve the target,
basic skills
simple skills such as throwing, catching, hitting a ball etc
complex skills
more difficult skills that require a higher level of coordination and concentration.
closed skills
skills that are not affected by the environment or the performers within it.
open skills
skills that are affected by the environment; the performer has to adjust to the situation and this will constantly change.
fine skills
precise movements that require high levels of accuracy and technique; they are often small movements that require small groups of muscles such as in the fingers
gross skills
movements that use large muscle groups to produce big powerful movements; it is usually performed by the arms and legs.
information processing model
the four-stage process that a performer goes through to make a decision and act upon it. ( input, decision making, output, feedback)
cognitive stage
the preparation stage where you start to learn a new skill and a large number of mistakes will be made here.
associative stage
practice stage where you continue repeating and practicing skills and techniques so they improve. The number of mistakes decreases as your skills improve.
autonomous stage
the automatic stage where you can perform the skill naturally without conscious thought. Mistakes are rare and when made, you can fix them quickly.
guidance
help and instructions given to the learners through movements skills and techniques to help them acquire skills.
visual guidance
what you see- learning a skill by watching videos or images or through a demonstration.
verbal guidance
what you are told- coach uses words to describe a skill
manual guidance
what supports you- a coach can physically guide you through a movement eg a golf swing.
mechanical guidance
what you feel- you may need the support of equipment as you start to learn. eg a harness when learning trampoline.
