Chapter 8 SG Flashcards
Jose de San Martin saved which countries?
Liberator of Argentina, Chile, and Peru after fighting for 10 years.
Who were the Creoles? What part did they play in the independence of South America?
Spaniards born in Latin America. Educated and couldn’t hold high political jobs. Could raise I’m rank to be military officials.
Most revolutions in South America were lead by Creoles. They brought enlightenment ideas back from Europe after being educated there.
Simon Bolivar liberated which countries?
Liberated what was originally upper Peru, aka Bolivia.
Was one of two brilliant creole generals who brought independence to South America.
Who was reported to have “A Cry for Freedom?” Who succeeded him?
Padre Miguel Hidalgo. Poor but educated, he rallied an army of near 80,000 men, but we’re defeated by Spanish army and Creoles.
José Morelos. Defeated by Augustine de Iturbide, ironically the man who declared Mexico’s independence in 1821.
Liberal political goals include…
1) Power to Parliament
2) Voting power to landowners.
What is Nationalism?
Belief that the greatest loyalty shouldn’t be to a king or empire, but to those who share a common culture and history.
Metternich was…
A foreign Austrian prince who lead the Congress of Vienna
Otto van Bismarck believed that…
…the great issues of the day could be solved with blood and iron.
With the kings approval, Bismarck declared that he’d rule without Parliament’s consent and legal budget.
Who lead Italian unification? What did he use? Who did he ask for help to do so?
Camillio di Cavour. Elected as prime minister by king of Piedmont-Sardinia.
Used cunning diplomacy and well-chosen allies to win back Northern Italy from the Austrians.
Joined with Napoleon III
Mary Shelley was famous for what?
For writing the classic gothic horror novel, Frankenstein, in the Romantic Movement of Arts.
Ludwig van Beethoven’s work did what?
Evolved from classical music during the Enlightenment to Romantic compositions, such as his Ninth Symphony.
