Chapter 8-Reactions and Synthesis

Question 1

Epoxide

Answer 1

an organic compound whose molecule contains a three-membered ring with one oxygen and two carbons

Question 2

Anti stereochemistry

Answer 2

the two bromine atoms come from opposite faces of the double bond (trans)

Question 3

Alkene halogenation

Answer 3

the addition of halogen atoms to a π‐bond system

Question 4

Halohydrin

Answer 4

hydroxyl and halogen groups are bonded to adjacent carbon atoms in the presence of water

Question 5

Oxymercuration-demercuration procedure

Answer 5

Electrophilic addition of Hg to produce an alcohol

Question 6

Hydroboration

Answer 6

Addition of a hydrogen-boron bond to react with a double bond

Question 7

Syn stereochemistry

Answer 7

When two atoms are added to the same side

Question 8

Markovnikov’s addition rule

Answer 8

The hydrogen (from HBr for example) goes on the sp2 atom with the most hydrogen atoms on it and the Br goes to the secondary/more substituted carbon

Question 9

Anti Markovnikov’s addition rule

Answer 9

The Br (from HBr with peroxides for example) goes on the sp2 atom with the most hydrogen atoms on it and the H goes to the secondary carbon

Question 10

Catalytic hydrogenation

Answer 10

Heterogeneous process

Question 11

Hydrogenation

Answer 11

1. H2
2. Pd
   Syn (both hydrogens join on the same side)
   Hydrogens on each carbon attached to the double bond and double bond is lost

Question 12

Hydrohalogenation

Answer 12

1. HCl
   Hydride shift
   Mark