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PMP Exam > Chapter 8: Project Quality Management > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Project Quality Management Flashcards

1
Q

According to Ishikawa, 95% of all quality related problems can be solved by what 7 basic tools?

A
  1. Cause-and-effect diagrams
  2. Flowcharts
  3. Check sheets
  4. Pareto diagrams
  5. Histograms
  6. Control charts
  7. Scatter diagrams

08.1.2.3 Seven Basic Quality Tools

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2
Q

Name some tools used to help plan quality that are NOT part of Seven Basic Quality Tools.

A
  1. Brainstorming
  2. Affinity diagraming
  3. Force field analysis
  4. Nominal group techniques
  5. Matrix diagrams
  6. Prioritization Matrices
  7. Six Sigma
  8. Lean Six Sigma
  9. Quality Function Deployment
  10. CMMITQM
  11. FMEA [Failure Mode + Effect Analysis]
  12. Design Reviews
  13. VOC - Voice of the Customer

08.1.2.3 Seven Basic Quality Tools

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3
Q

How does one uncover a root cause in an Ishikawa or Fishbone diagram?

A

By asking “How” or “Why” on each variable.

08.1.2.3 Seven Basic Quality Tools

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4
Q

What are the results of performing the Control Quality process to determine the correctness of deliverables?

A

Verified deliverables

8.3.3.3 Verified Deliverables

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5
Q

What are the Seven Basic Quality Tools?

A
  1. Cause-and-effect diagrams
  2. Flowcharts
  3. Checksheets
  4. Pareto diagrams
  5. Histograms
  6. Control charts
  7. Scatter diagrams

8.1.2.3 Seven Basic Quality Tools

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6
Q

What three things are included in work performance data for Control Quality?

A
  1. Planned vs. actual technical performance
  2. Planned vs. actual schedule performance
  3. Planned vs. actual cost performance

8.3.1.4 Work Performance Data

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7
Q

What describes a project or product attribute and how it will be measured?

A

A quality metric

8.1.3.3 Quality Metrics

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8
Q

What are the differences between prevention, attribute sampling and tolerances with regard to Control Quality?

A
  1. Prevention (keeping errors out of the process) and inspection (keeping errors out of the hands of the customer).
  2. Attribute sampling (the result either conforms or does not conform) and variables sampling (the result is rated on a continuous scale that measures the degree of conformity).
  3. Tolerances (specified range of acceptable results) and control limits (that identify the boundaries of common variation in a statistically stable process or process performance).
  4. 3 Control Quality
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9
Q

What with regard to quality control are also known as reviews, peer reviews, audits, or walkthroughs?

A

Inspections

In some application areas, these terms have narrow and specific meanings. Inspections also are used to validate defect repairs.

8.3.2.3 Inspection

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10
Q

What are the key benefits of Control Quality?

A
  1. identifying the causes of poor process or product quality and recommending and/or taking action to eliminate them
  2. validating that project deliverables and work meet the requirements specified by key stakeholders necessary for final acceptance.
  3. 3 Control Quality
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11
Q

What is the process of monitoring and recording results of executing the quality activities to assess performance and recommend necessary changes?

A

Control Quality

8.3 Control Quality

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12
Q

What is the process of identifying quality requirements and/or standards for the project and product and documenting how the project will demonstrate compliance?

A

Plan Quality Management

8.1 Plan Quality Management

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13
Q

What are the stages of continuous improvement?

A
  1. Plan
  2. Do
  3. Check
  4. Act

8.0 Project Quality Management

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14
Q

What is the total cost incurred over the life of the product by investment in preventing nonconformance to requirements?

A

Cost of Quality (COQ)

8.1.2.2 Cost of Quality (COQ)

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15
Q

What three “baselines” are used to develop the Quality management plan?

A
  1. Scope baseline
  2. Schedule baseline
  3. Cost baseline

8.1.3.1 Quality Management Plan

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16
Q

What are these considered?

  • Investment in preventing nonconformance
  • Appraising the product or service for conformance
  • Preventing failure to meet requirements
  • Preventing rework
A

COQ: the cost of quality

8.1.2.2 Cost of Quality (COQ)

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17
Q

What is a statistical method that helps identify which factors may influence specific variables of a product or process under development or in production?

A

Design of experiments (DOE)

8.1.2.5 Design of Experiments

18
Q

What may be used during the Plan Quality Management process to determine the number and type of tests and their impact on quality?

A

DOE: Design of Experiments

8.1.2.5 Design of Experiments

19
Q

What are the documented results of QC activities in the specified format?

A

Quality Control Measurements

8.2.1.4 Quality Control Measurements

20
Q

What is the difference between quality assurance and quality control?

A

Quality assurance is about doing quality work

Quality control is about checking the work quality

8.0 Project Quality Management

21
Q

What always costs less in the long run?

A

Quality

8.0 Project Quality Management

22
Q

What is the difference between quality and grade?

A

Grade is assigned to things having the same use but different characteristics. Quality is the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements.

8.0 Project Quality Management

23
Q

What is the difference between precision and accuracy?

A

Precision is a value of repeated measurements that are clustered and have little scatter. Accuracy is a measured value that is very close to the value.

8.0 Project Quality Management

24
Q

What is accuracy?

A

The degree to which a measured value is very close to the value.

8.0 Project Quality Management

25
Q

What is precision?

A

The degree to which repeated measurements are clustered and have little scatter.

8.0 Project Quality Management

26
Q

What is meant by “Prevention over Inspection”?

A

Quality is planned, designed and built in; not inspected in.

8.0 Project Quality Management

27
Q

When is quality planned, monitored and managed?

A

From the moment the project is realized.

8.0 Project Quality Management

28
Q

What is the process of auditing the quality requirements and the results from quality control measurements to ensure appropriate quality standards and operational definitions are used?

A

Perform Quality Assurance

8.2 Perform Quality Assurance

29
Q

Which is the more “proactive” quality step?

A

Quality assurance

8.2 Perform Quality Assurance

30
Q

Which is the more “checking-up” quality step?

A

Quality control

8.2.1.4 Quality Control Measurements

31
Q

What tool and technique is a structured review of the project activities used to guarantee that the policies, processes, and procedures of the project meet quality objectives?

A

Quality audits

8.2.2.2 Quality Audits

32
Q

What are the benefits of meeting quality requirements?

A
  1. Less rework
  2. Higher productivity
  3. Lower costs
  4. Increased stakeholder satisfaction

8.1.2.1 Cost-Benefit Analysis

33
Q

What is a hierarchical representation of risks according to risk categories?

A

The risk breakdown structure

8.2.2.1 Quality Management and Control Tools

34
Q

What kind of diagram is an Ishikawa or Fishbone diagram?

A

Cause-and-effect diagram

8.1.2.3 Seven Basic Quality Tools

35
Q

What else are failure costs known as?

A

Cost of poor quality

8.1.2.2 Cost of Quality (COQ)

36
Q

What kind of relationship is shown by a Cause-and-effect diagram?

A

A relationship between variables leading to (or potentially leading to) an outcome shown as “effect”.

8.1.2.3 Seven Basic Quality Tools

37
Q

What kind of quality tool is most useful for gathering attributes data?

A

Check Sheets

8.1.2.3 Seven Basic Quality Tools

38
Q

What is Pareto’s law?

A

The 80/20 rule. “80% of the problems come from 20% of the potential sources.”

8.1.2.3 Seven Basic Quality Tools

39
Q

What is a vertical bar graph that shows how often a particular variable state occurred?

A

A histogram

8.1.2.3 Seven Basic Quality Tools

40
Q

Which of the seven basic quality tools determines whether or not a process is stable or has predictable performance?

A

A control chart

8.1.2.3 Seven Basic Quality Tools

PMP Exam (13 decks)

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