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Human Geography > Chapter 8- Political Geography > Flashcards

Chapter 8- Political Geography Flashcards

0
Q

What are the four conditions of a state?

A

Defined land territory
Government with supreme authority
Permanent population
Recognition by other states

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1
Q

A politically organized territory, rules by an established government with control over its internal and external affairs

A

State

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2
Q

What is the largest state?

A

Russia

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3
Q

What is the smallest state?

A

Monaco

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4
Q

What is the largest Microstate based on population?

A

Singapore

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5
Q

What are sovereign states that are compromised of towns and their surrounding countryside?

A

City-state

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6
Q

When did Taiwan leave the United Nations?

A

1971

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7
Q

What is an example of a medieval state?

A

Roman Empire

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8
Q

A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity

A

Nation-state

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9
Q

The concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves is known as _____ ______.

A

Self determination

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10
Q

A state that contains more than one ethnicity

A

Multi-ethnic state

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11
Q

A territory that is legally tied to a sovereign state rather than being ran completely alone

A

Colony

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12
Q

The system by which several powers maintained foreign possessions

A

Colonization

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13
Q

What were the reasons for establishing colonies?

A

God, gold, and glory

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14
Q

An invisible line marking the extent of a state’s territory.

A

Boundary

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15
Q

Plane that cuts through the rocks below and the airspace above

A

Vertical plane

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16
Q

Boundary lines must be ____ by more than one state

A

Shared

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17
Q

The area that historically used to separate states

A

Frontiers

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18
Q

Zone where no state has complete political control

A

Frontier

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19
Q

These types of boundaries are effective because they are hard to cross and uninhabited.

A

Desert boundary

Mountain boundary

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20
Q

These types of boundaries can be rivers, lakes, and oceans. They are less permanent than other boundaries.

A

Water boundaries

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21
Q

Waters that are enclosed by the boundaries of a coastal state and that are considered part of the territory of that state.

A

Territorial seas

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22
Q

A sea zone over which a state has special rights over the exploitation and use of marine resources, including production of energy from water and wind.

A

Exclusive economic zone (EEZ)

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23
Q

Regular, often perfectly straight lines drawn without regard for physical or cultural features.

A

Geometric boundary

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24
Boundaries based on one or more cultural characteristics
Ethnic boundaries
25
A boundary that doesn't currently exist but still has an effect on the present day area
Relic boundary
26
Territory completely surrounded by another state but not controlled by it
Enclave
27
Territory that is separated from the state to which is separated by the intervening territory of another state
Exclave
28
The shape of a state can:
Affect its power, well being, and political/social unity | Influence the ease or difficulty of internal administration
29
A shape where the distance from the center to any boundary does not vary greatly
Compact shape
30
Shape that is long and narrow. Difficult to govern and maintain communications.
Elongated shape
31
An otherwise compact state with a large projecting extension
Prorupted shape
32
A state that includes several discontinuous pieces of territory
Fragmented
33
When a state has no access to sea, surrounded by one or more countries
Landlocked state
34
A country in which citizens elect leaders and can run for office.
Democratic
35
A country that is run according to the interests of the ruler rather than the people.
Autocratic
36
Complete power in the hands of one person
Dictator
37
A country that is not fully democratic or fully autocratic, rather a mix of the two
Anocratic
38
A revolutionary wave of demonstrations, protests, and riots in the Arab world that began in 2010 and ended in 2013.
Arab spring
39
An independent state in which power is highly concentrated in the central government
Unitary state
40
An independent state in which considerable autonomy and power are given to individual provinces and the central government is relatively weak.
Federal state
41
This man created the theory of centripetal and centrifugal forces on a state. Existence, stability, and development of a country depend on the balance between these two forces.
Richard Hartshorne
42
Any factor that supports the internal unity of a state. (Positive) compared to pull factor.
Centripetal force
43
Any factor that disrupts the internal order of a state. (Negative) compared to push factor.
Centrifugal force
44
Way that the government tries to unify a state
Nation building
45
The geography of elections, electoral systems, and apportionment
Electoral geography
46
Conflicting claims to the Arctic are mostly due to:
The potential for energy resources
47
The most populous country that is not a member of the United Nations is:
Taiwan
48
The historically neutral country that recently joined the United Nations is:
Switzerland
49
The first states in ancient Mesopotamia were:
City states, which incorporated cities as well as their countryside
50
The first widespread use of the nation-state concept came in:
Western-Europe
51
Korea is a good example of an:
Ethnicity divided between more than one state
52
A territory tied to a state rather than being completely independent is a:
Colony
53
The motives of European states in establishing colonies can be summarized as _____ _______ _______.
God Glory Gold
54
A frontier, in contrast to a boundary, _____
Is an area rather than a line
55
A feature of the physical environment commonly used to separate states includes ____ _____ ______.
Deserts Mountains Lakes
56
The boundary between the United States and Canada is best described as:
Geometric
57
The Germans established the _____ known as the Caprivi Strip in present day Nambia to access resources in central Africa, including the Zambezi River.
Proruption
58
Swaziland makes _____ into a perforated state.
South Africa
59
The most fragmented southeast Asian state is_____.
Indonesia
60
A state with no control over its internal affairs has _____.
Sovereignty
61
Which shape most easily fosters the establishment of effective internal communications for a smaller state?
Compact
62
A state which places most power in the hands of a central government is a ______.
Unitary state
63
The European Union has:
Promoted economic growth and integration in Western Europe.
64
The process of redrawing legislative boundaries to benefit the party in power is ____.
Gerrymandering
65
When gerrymandering takes place, the kind of redistricting so that the opposition is spread across many districts as a minority is termed a ______ strategy.
Wasted vote
66
Outside the European realm two countries build colonial empires. These were:
Japan and Russia
67
Political unity in the ancient Mediterranean world reached its height in:
The Roman Empire
68
The boundary between chile and Argentina is an example of a _____.
Physical boundary
69
A compact state is to ______
Circular
70
A prourpted state is to _____
Extended
71
An longed state is to ______.
Narrow
72
A perforated state is to _____
Pierced

Human Geography (6 decks)

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