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Human Geography > Chapter 5- Languages > Flashcards

Chapter 5- Languages Flashcards

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0
Q

The main difference between languages in the same family, branch, or group is how:

A

Recently in time the languages were once the same

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1
Q

A lingua Franca is:

A

A language understood by people who have different native languages

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2
Q

Basque is a good example of a(n):

A

Isolated language

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3
Q 
The four most frequently spoken branches of Indo-European include all but:
A. Balto-Slavic
B. Celtic 
C. Indo-Iranian
D. Romance
A

B. Celtic

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4
Q

The two most important languages in South America are:

A

Portuguese and Spanish

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5
Q

Russian is part of what language branch?

A

Balto-Slavic

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6
Q

The Kurgans:

A

We’re herders from the steppes of Central Asia

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7
Q

According to Colin Renfrew’s research, Indo-European language diffused across Europe and South Asia:

A

With the diffusion of agricultural practices

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8
Q

English is a part of which language branch?

A

Germanic

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9
Q

A literary tradition is:

A

The written form of a language

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10
Q

An isogloss is:

A

A boundary between language regions

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11
Q

The second largest language family is:

A

Sino-Tibetan

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12
Q

Marija Gimbutas has contributed to the ______ hypothesis:

A

Nomadic Warrior

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13
Q

The most important language family in sub Saharan Africa is:

A

Niger-Congo

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14
Q 
British and American English differ in all but the following:
A. Alphabet
B. Pronunciation 
C. Spelling 
D. Vocabulary
A

A. Alphabet

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15
Q

The language spoken by the greatest number of native speakers in the world is:

A

Mandarin

16
Q

Chinese is traditionally written in the form of:

A

Ideograms or logograms

17
Q

Hebrew is an example of:

A

A revived language

18
Q

A language that was nearly extinct in British controlled areas but which is now being revived is:

A

Celtic

19
Q

Which will encompass the largest number of speakers?

A

Language family

20
Q

The oldest roots of the English language have been traced back to present day:

A

Denmark

21
Q

Complete the following analogy: Argentina is to Spanish as Brazil is to ________.

A

Portuguese

22
Q

In both the Kurgan and Anatolian theories of Indo-European, the language family spread through _____ diffusion.

A

Relocation

23
Q

Globally, today’s predominant lingua Franca is:

A

English

24
Q

What are Switzerland’s four official languages?

A

German, Italian, French, and Romansch

25
Q

a collection of mutually
intelligible sounds and symbols that a
group of people understands to have
the same meaning

A

Language

26
Q

A collection of
languages that share a common
ancestral language that existed long
before recorded history

A

Language Family

27
Q

A collection of languages within a family related through a common ancestral language

A

Language Branch/Subfamily

28
Q

A collection of languages
within a branch that share a common origin
in the relatively recent past and display
similar grammar and vocabulary

A

Language Group

29
Q

the most
widely dispersed language family –
has the largest number of speakers

A

Indo-European Family

30
Q

A local/regional variation

of a more widely spoken language

A

Dialect

31
Q

The form of a
language used for official government
business, education, and mass
communications

A

Standard Language

32
Q

A language that results from the
mixing of a colonizer’s language
with the indigenous language of the
people being dominated

A

Creole or Creolized Language

33
Q

A language that is one unrelated to any other and therefore not attached to any language family

A

Isolated Languages

34
Q

What is the Nomadic Warrior hypothesis?

A

The Kurgan people traveled over Europe and South Asia and spread the Indo European language as they conquered lands.

35
Q

What is the sedentary farmer hypothesis?

A

Indo European diffused into Europe and South Asia along with agricultural practices.

Human Geography (6 decks)

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