chapter 8 PNS 2 KINDS

Question 1

Considering this two-directional flow of information,

the PNS can be subdivided into two parts:

Answer 1

sensory division, and motor division

Question 2

The sensory division, or

Answer 2

or afferent (toward) division,

Question 3

sensory division, des

Answer 3

conducts action potentials from sensory receptors to the CNS.

Question 4

The neurons that transmit action potentials from the periphery to the CNS are called

Answer 4

sensory neurons.

Question 5

motor division, or

Answer 5

efferent (away) division

Question 6

motor division,

Answer 6

conducts action potentials from the CNS to effector organs, such as muscles and glands.

Question 7

The neurons that transmit action potentials from the CNS toward the periphery are

Answer 7

called motor neurons.

Question 8

Organization of the Nervous System

Answer 8

1. The sensory division of the peripheral nervous system detects stimuli and conducts action potentials to the central nervous system (CNS).
2. The CNS interprets incoming action potentials and initiates action potentials that are conducted through the motor division to produce a response.

Question 9

The effectors controlled by the motor division include

Answer 9

muscle tissue and glands.

Question 10

that muscle tissue includes skeletal

muscle, which is

Answer 10

voluntarily controlled

Question 11

cardiac and smooth muscle, and glands

Answer 11

are involuntarily controlled.

Question 12

The motor division can be further subdivided into two components, based on the
type of effector being innervated:

Answer 12

somatic nervous system and (2) autonomic nervous system.

Question 13

The somatic (soh-MAT-ik; bodily) nervous system

Answer 13

transmits action potentials from the CNS to skeletal muscles,

Question 14

autonomic (awe-toh-NOM-ik; self-governing) nervous system (ANS)

Answer 14

transmits action potentials from the CNS to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle,
and glands.

Question 15

autonomic nervous system, in turn, is divided into

Answer 15

sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

Question 16

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a unique part of the peripheral
nervous system.

Answer 16

ENS has both sensory and motor neurons contained wholly within the digestive tract.

Question 17

The ENS can function

Answer 17

without input from the CNS or other parts of the PNS, although it is normally integrated with the CNS by sensory neurons and ANS motor neurons.

Question 18

The two types of cells that make up the nervous system are

Answer 18

neurons and (2) glial cells.

Question 19

Neurons (NYUR-ons; nerve),

Answer 19

or nerve cells

Question 20

neurons

Answer 20

receive stimuli, conduct action potentials, and transmit signals to other neurons or effector
organs.

Question 21

A neuron has three parts:

Answer 21

a cell body and two types of processes,

called (2) dendrites and (3) axons.

Question 22

Each neuron cell body contains a

Answer 22

single nucleus.

Question 23

As with any other cell,

the nucleus of the neuron is the

Answer 23

source of information for gene expression

Question 24

what surround the nucleus.

Answer 24

Extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER), a Golgi apparatus, and
mitochondria

Question 25

___ organize the cytoplasm into

distinct areas.

Answer 25

Large numbers of neurofilaments (intermediate filaments) and microtubules