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Anatomy/Physiology > Chapter 8 Part 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Part 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Limited capacity to regenerate

A

Cardiac

Skeletal

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1
Q

Several nuclei per myofiber

A

Skeletal

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2
Q

Striated appearance

A

Cardiac

Skeletal

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3
Q

Parallel arrangement of muscle fibers

A

Skeletal

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4
Q

Cells tapered at each end

A

Smooth

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5
Q

One nucleus per fiber

A

Cardiac

Smooth

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6
Q

Found in the heart

A

Cardiac

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7
Q

Branching arrangement of muscle fibers

A

Cardiac

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8
Q

Appears no striated or smooth

A

Smooth

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9
Q

Voluntary contro

A

Skeletal

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10
Q

Involuntary control

A

Cardiac

Smooth

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11
Q

Located in walls of hollow internal structures

A

Smooth

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12
Q

Functions of the muscles

A

Body movement due to muscles pulling on bones
Movements of substances within the body
Blood within blood vessels
Food, bile, waste within digestive system
Eggs/sperm within reproductive system
Stabilization of body position
Generation of heat by muscle contraction
Regulating organ volume

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13
Q

The CT sheath that surround a fascicle

A

Perimysium

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14
Q

An extension of the CT sheaths to attach the muscle to bone

A

Tendon

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15
Q

The CT that surrounds an entire muscle

A

Epimysium

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16
Q

CT that surrounds each muscle fiber

A

Endomysium

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17
Q

A bundle of muscle fibers

A

Fascicle

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18
Q

Another name for muscle cells

A

Muscle fibers

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19
Q

The functional unit within the muscle fiber

A

Myofibrils

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20
Q

The cytoplasm within the the muscle fiber

A

Actin

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21
Q

Reddish pigment in a muscle fibers that stores oxygen

A

Myoglobin

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22
Q

Brief contractions of all fibers of w motor unit in response to a single stimulus

A

Twitch

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23
Q

Recording of a muscle contraction

A

Myogram

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24
Q

Period between application of a stimulus and start of s contraction

A

Latent period

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25
Q

Active transport of calcium ions back into the SR is occurring

A

Relaxation period

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26
Q

Period when actual shortening is taking place

A

Contraction period

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27
Q

Sustained contraction due to stimulation at a rate of 20-100/seconds

A

Tetanus

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28
Q

More forceful contraction in response to a stimulus that arrives before a muscle has completely relaxed

A

Summation

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29
Q

A brief contraction of all muscle fibers of a motor unit in response to a single stimulus

A

Twitch

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30
Q

Contraction in which the length of the muscle does not change but it’s tension increases

A

Isometric

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31
Q

Contraction in which the length of the muscle changes while its tension stays relatively constant

A

Isotonic

32
Q

Slight, constant contraction during consciousness

A

Tone

33
Q

Shortens the muscles and causes movement

A

Isotonic

34
Q

Increases muscle tension but no movement occurs

A

Isometric

35
Q

Continuous sustained contraction allowing smooth movement

A

Tetanus

36
Q

Stairstep increase in contraction with repeated stimulation before muscle has completely relaxed

A

Summation

37
Q

Multinucleated

A

Skeletal

38
Q

Found in bloods vessels and stomach

A

Smooth

39
Q

Voluntary

A

Skeletal

40
Q

Branched with intecalated discs

A

Cardiac

41
Q

Spindle shaped

A

Smooth

42
Q

Cylindrical in shape and unbranched

A

Skeletal

43
Q

Striated

A

Skeletal

Cardiac

44
Q

Involuntary

A

Smooth

Cardiac

45
Q

Found in heart

A

Cardiac

46
Q

Unstriated

A

Smooth

47
Q

Usually attached to bones

A

Skeletal

48
Q

Longest individual cell

A

Skeletal

49
Q

Nonstriated

A

Smooth

50
Q

Does the length of actin and myosin filaments change during muscle contraction

A

No

51
Q

This is essential for maintains posture

A

Tone

52
Q

The third period of w muscle twitch contraction

A

Relaxation period

53
Q

These structures in the enlarged bulb of an axon provide energy to make ACH

A

Mitochondria

54
Q

State of limpness in which muscle tone is lost

A

Flaccid

55
Q

The cytoplasm of a muscle fiber

A

Sarcoplasm

56
Q

This tissue is responsible for most of the head production going on in our body

A

Muscle tissue

57
Q

All the muscle fibers in a ____ must contract or relax together

A

Motor unit

58
Q

The movement of these ions from outside the sarcolemma to inside causes an action potential to begin to move along

A

Sodium ions

59
Q

These ions are necessary to trigger muscle contraction

A

Calcium

60
Q

Dietary supplement that some studies show may result in more lifting power

A

Creatine

61
Q

The storage form of glucose in our liver and muscles

A

Glycogen

62
Q

This anaerobic process provides enough energy for 30-40 sec of maximal activity

A

Glycolysis

63
Q

Connective tissue and that attaches muscle to bone

A

Tendon

64
Q

The source of energy for muscle contraction

A

ATP

65
Q

Another name for an action potential

A

Impulse

66
Q

This is required by mitochondria in the aerobic production of energy for muscle contraction

A

Oxygen

67
Q

Another name for muscle cells

A

Muscle fibers

68
Q

The cell membrane of muscle cells

A

Sarcolemma

69
Q

Alternate light and dark bands running through the sarcoplasm of a muscle cell

A

Straiated

70
Q

A single nerve fiber and the muscle fibers it supplies

A

Motor unit

71
Q

A chemical necessary to transfer the nerve impulse to stimulate the cell

A

Acetocholine (ACH)

72
Q

The time between the application of a stimulus and the actual shortening of the muscle

A

Latent period

73
Q

Two types of skeletal muscle contractions needed for normal body movements

A

Isotonic

tetanus

74
Q

The connection between a nerve fiber and a muscle fiber

A

Neuromuscular junction

75
Q

A brief contraction of all muscle fibers of a motor unit in response to a single stimulus

A

Twitch contraction

76
Q

Most of the Ca2 is found here when a fuscle fiber is relaxed

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

77
Q

A stiffening if the muscles after death due to Ca2 leaking out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

Rigor Mortis

78
Q

The thick myofilament that has enlarged heads to form cross bridges

A

Myosin

Anatomy/Physiology (10 decks)

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