Chapter 8 (Nutrition & Health)

Question 1

What are the 4 macronutrients?

Answer 1

carbs, proteins, fats, water

Question 2

What are the 2 micronutrients?

Answer 2

vitamins & minerals

Question 3

How many kcals is carbs?

Answer 3

4

Question 4

How many kcals is proteins?

Answer 4

4

Question 5

How many kcals is fats?

Answer 5

9

Question 6

How many kcals is alcohol?

Answer 6

7

Question 7

What are examples of simple carbohydrates?

Answer 7

glucose, fructose, galactose

Question 8

simple carbohydrates

Answer 8

primary source of energy during exercise

Question 9

What are examples of complex carbohydrates?

Answer 9

glycogen, starch, fiber

Question 10

Best option for complex carbs:

Answer 10

fruits & vegetables

Question 11

soluble fiber

Answer 11

dissolves in water

Question 12

insoluble fiber

Answer 12

doesn’t dissolve in water

Question 13

Where are unsaturated fats found?

Answer 13

plant sources

Question 14

unsaturated fats

Answer 14

heart healthy because there is low LDL

Question 15

saturated fats

Answer 15

bad because high total cholesterol & LDL

Question 16

What are saturated fats at room temp?

Answer 16

solid

Question 17

Where are saturated fats found?

Answer 17

animal sources

Question 18

What happens to trans fats during food production?

Answer 18

they are converted from unsaturated to a combination of saturated and unsaturated fats

Question 19

How many essential amino acids are there?

Answer 19

9

Question 20

How many nonessential amino acids are there?

Answer 20

11

Question 21

essential amino acids

Answer 21

body CANNOT make, they are consumed in diet

Question 22

nonessential amino acids

Answer 22

body CAN make

Question 23

complete proteins

Answer 23

contains ALL essential amino acids

Question 24

incomplete proteins

Answer 24

missing 1 or more essential amino acids

Question 25

What is the macronutrient needed in the highest quantity?

Answer 25

water

Question 26

vitamins

Answer 26

help regulate growth & metabolism

Question 27

water-soluble vitamins

Answer 27

B & C

Question 28

water-insoluble vitamins

Answer 28

A, D, E, K

Question 29

minerals

Answer 29

help body function normally

Question 30

vitamin A deficiency symptoms

Answer 30

night blindness, impaired immunity, infertility

Question 31

vitamin D deficiency symptoms

Answer 31

rickets in kids, bone weakness, increased fractures in adults

Question 32

vitamin E deficiency symptoms

Answer 32

anemia, impaired nerve transmission, muscle weakness

Question 33

vitamin K deficiency symptoms

Answer 33

reduced ability to form blood clots

Question 34

vitamin B6 selected functions

Answer 34

carbohydrate metabolism, blood cell synthesis

Question 35

vitamin B12 selected functions

Answer 35

nervous system function

Question 36

folate selected functions

Answer 36

coenzyme involved in DNA synthesis

Question 37

calcium selected functions

Answer 37

builds bones & teeth, helps maintain acid-base balance, maintains normal nerve transmission

Question 38

potassium selected functions

Answer 38

regulated muscle contraction & transmission of nerve impulses, maintains blood pressure

Question 39

iron selected functions

Answer 39

helps with oxygen transport in blood & muscle, coenzyme for energy metabolism

Question 40

potassium deficiency symptoms

Answer 40

muscle weakness, paralysis, confusion

Question 41

sodium deficiency symptoms

Answer 41

muscle cramps, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, mental confusion

Question 42

potassium toxicity symptoms

Answer 42

irregular heartbeat

Question 43

balanced micronutrients

Answer 43

carbs: 58% fats: 30% protein: 12%

Question 44

prebiotics

Answer 44

compounds that feed gut bacteria

Question 45

probiotics

Answer 45

live microorganisms that benefit the body

Question 46

Vegans need to plan meals with...

Answer 46

complete proteins (has all essential amino acids)

Question 47

food allergy

Answer 47

adverse reaction to some food caused BY immune system

Question 48

food intolerance

Answer 48

adverse reaction to some food NOT caused by immune system ex. lactose interolance

Question 49

Are supplements regulated by the FDA?

Answer 49

no