Chapter 8; Motion Perception

Question 1

motion aftereffect (MAE)

Answer 1

the illusion of motion of a stationary object that occurs after prolong exposure to a moving object.

Question 2

apparent motion

Answer 2

illusion of motion when an object is followed by another in a different location.

Question 3

correspondence problem

Answer 3

in motion detection, the problem faced by motion detection system of knowing which figure of frame 2 came from frame 1.

Question 4

aperture problem

Answer 4

when moving object is viewed through an aperture, the direction of motion of a local feature or part of the object is ambiguous.

Question 5

middle temporal area (MT)

Answer 5

part of brain in perception of motion.

Question 6

interocular transfer

Answer 6

the transfer of an effect (adaptation) from 1 eye to the other

Question 7

first-order motion

Answer 7

the motion of an object that is defined by changes in luminance.

Question 8

second-order motion

Answer 8

motion of an object that is defined by changes in contrast or texture.

Question 9

luminance-defined object

Answer 9

an object that is delineated by changes in reflected light.

Question 10

texture-defined(contrast-defined) object

Answer 10

an object that is defined by changes in contrast or texture, but not luminance.

Question 11

optic array

Answer 11

the collection of light rays that interact with objects in the world that are in front of a viewer

Question 12

optic flow

Answer 12

changing angular position of points a perspective image that we experience as we move.

Question 13

focus of expansion

Answer 13

the point in the center of the horizon from which, when we’re in motion (driven on the highway), all points in the perspective image seems to emanate. The focus of expansion is one aspect of optic flow.

Question 14

biological motion

Answer 14

pattern of movement of animals

Question 15

time to collision (TTC)

Answer 15

the time required for a moving object to hit a stationary object; distance/rate

Question 16

smooth pursuit

Answer 16

a type of voluntary eye movement in which the eyes move smoothly to follow a moving object

Question 17

microsaccade

Answer 17

involuntary, small jerk like eye movement.

Question 18

vergence

Answer 18

type of eye movement which the two eyes move in opposite direction; both eyes looking at nose (convergence), etc.

Question 19

saccade

Answer 19

type of eye movement, made both voluntarily and involuntarily, in which the eyes rapidly change fixation from one object/location to another.

Question 20

reflexive eye movement

Answer 20

a movement of the eye that is automatic and involuntary.

Question 21

saccadic suppression

Answer 21

reduction of visual sensitivity that occurs when we make saccadic eye movements. Saccadic suppression eliminates the smear from retinal image motion during eye movement.

Question 22

comparator

Answer 22

An area of the visual system that receives 1 copy of command issued by the motion system when eyes move (other copy goes to the eye muscles). The comparator compares the image motion signal with the eye motion signal and can compensate for the image changes caused by the eye movement.

Question 23

akinetopsia

Answer 23

rare neuropsychological disorder in which the affected person has no perception of motion.