Chapter 8-Metabolism

Question 0

Form of thermal energy. It’s the kinetic energy associated with random movement of atoms or molecules

Answer 0

Heat

Question 1

Energy matter possesses because of its location or structure ex water being behind a dam

Answer 1

Potential energy

Question 2

Energy is potential energy available for release in a chemical reactions

Answer 2

Chemical energy

Question 3

Study of energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter

Answer 3

Thermodynamics

Question 4

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can be transferred or transformed but cannot be?

Answer 4

Created or destroyed

Question 5

The second law of thermodynamics states that due to loss of useable energy during energy transfer things in the universe tend to go toward?

Answer 5

Entropy..which is randomness or disorder

Question 6

Reaction proceeds with a NET RELEASE OF ENERGY. Occur spontaneously

Negative delta G- already giving off energy

Answer 6

Exergonic reaction

Question 7

Reaction is one that ABSORBS FREE ENERGY. Occurs nonspontaneous. Energy is required to drive the reaction

Answer 7

Endergonic reaction

Question 8

Cell does 3 main kinds of work

Answer 8

Chemical, transport, & mechanical

Question 9

Pushing reactions which would not occur spontaneously (synthesis of polymers from monomers)

Answer 9

Chemical work

Question 10

Pumping of substances across membranes against the direction of spontaneous movement

Answer 10

Transport work

Question 11

Ex. The beating of cilia or the contraction of muscle cell

Answer 11

Mechanical work

Question 12

Use of an exergonic process to drive an endergonic one

Answer 12

Energy coupling

Question 13

ATP is ____and contains____ sugar, the nitrogenous base _____ and a chain of 3______groups bonded to it

Answer 13

Adenosine triphopate, ribose, adenine, phosphate

Question 14

ATP is

Answer 14

Adenosine triphospate

Question 15

Sugar in ATP

Answer 15

Ribose

Question 16

ATP’s nitrogenous bases

Answer 16

Adenine

Question 17

ATP contains a chain of 3____groups bonded to it

Answer 17

Phosphate

Question 18

Bonded between phosphate groups of ATP can be ___by adding water. Energy is released when this happens

Answer 18

Hydrolysis

Question 19

When two reactions can be coupled so that overall, the coupled reactions are exergonic.

Answer 19

Coupling

Question 20

In coupling the phosphate group is said to be

Answer 20

Phosphorylated

Question 21

The shutting of inorganic phosphate and energy

Answer 21

ATP cycle

Question 22

Macromolecules (proteins) that act as a catalyst

Answer 22

Enzymes

Question 23

Chemical agent that speeds up reactions without being consumed by the reaction itself

Answer 23

Catalyst

Question 24

Initial investment of energy for starting a reaction.

Answer 24

Activation energy

Question 25

Enzyme catalyzes a reaction by lowering the ___,enabling the reactant molecules to absorb enough energy to reach transition state even at modern temperature. Do not change delta G

Answer 25

Activation energy

Question 26

Cannot make reaction occur that wouldn't normally occur. They just speed those that would occur anyway

Answer 26

Enzymes

Question 27

The reactant an enzyme acts on

Answer 27

Substrate

Question 28

Restricted region of an enzyme molecule where the enzyme molecule actually binds to substrate

Answer 28

Active site

Question 29

How does temperature affect enzyme activity

Answer 29

increased temp will increase enzyme activity up till boiling point then it is denatured

Question 30

How does pH affect enzyme activity

Answer 30

each enzyme has optimal pH level

Question 31

Nonprotein helpers many enzymes requires for catalystic activity

Answer 31

cofactors

Question 32

organic cofactors

Answer 32

coenzyme

Question 33

two types of inhibitors are?

Answer 33

Competitive and noncompetitive

Question 34

Mimic the substrate and reduces productivuty of enzymes by blocking substrates from entering the active sites

Answer 34

Competitive inhibitors

Question 35

Impede enzymatic reactions by binding to another part of the enzyme. The causes the enzymes molecule to change shape in such ways that the active site becomes less affective

Answer 35

Noncompetitive inhibitors

Question 36

Buils molecules as in protein synthesis

Answer 36

Anabolic reactions

Question 37

catabolic reactions

Answer 37

has a negative delta G

Question 38

Glucose+Oxygen to give Carbon Dioxide+water+eneergy

Answer 38

Catablic reactions and celluar respiration

Question 39

transfering of teminal phosphate of ATP to some other molecule is

Answer 39

Phosphorylation

Question 40

Results in the release of energy

Answer 40

ATP+Water

Question 41

Enzymes end in

Answer 41

"ase"

Question 42

Enzymes are

Answer 42

large protien molecules

Question 43

Enzymes reduce energy of activation that would be necessary for

Answer 43

Chemical reactions to take place

Question 44

Enzyme and Substrates for

Answer 44

Enzyme Substrate complex

Question 45

T or F: Enymes are reuseable

Answer 45

True

Question 46

Metabolism which is breaking down | Protein to amino acid

Answer 46

Catabolic

Question 47

Metabolism that is building up | Amino acid to protein

Answer 47

Anabolic

Question 48

Exergonic reaction does what

Answer 48

Releases energy

Question 49

An endergonic reaction does what

Answer 49

Requires energy

Question 50

catabolic metabolism is

Answer 50

Exergonic-releasing energy

Question 51

anabolic metabolism is

Answer 51

Endergonic-requiring energy