Chapter 8 Maltreatment and Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders Flashcards
Stress
Physical and psychological response to demands that exceed coping resources.
Coping
Cognitive, emotional, and behavioral regulatory responses to manage stress.
Allostasis
The process of actively maintaining physiological and psychological stability in response to environmental demands.
Allostatic load
The cumulative physiological and psychological wear and tear caused by ongoing, and sometimes maladaptive, allostatic processes.
Toxic stress
The experience of multiple or chronic stressors that activate or overwhelm the stress response system.
Maltreatment
Not a diagnosis that is assigned to a child, but a broad category including physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological abuse, and neglect.
Sexual abuse
A type of child maltreatment involving sexual contact or attempted sexual contact between an adult and a child.
Physical abuse
A type of child maltreatment involving physical aggression that results in pain, injury, or bodily harm.
Neglect
A type of child maltreatment involving a failure to provide for the physical, emotional, and/or educational needs of a child.
Emotional (or psychological) abuse
A type of child maltreatment involving ongoing and extreme disregard or thwarting of basic emotional needs.
Acute stress disorder
A disorder involving the development of multiple psychologically based symptoms that last up to one month following exposure to a traumatic event.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
A disorder characterized by a severe and ongoing pattern of anxiety and avoidance, lasting longer than one month, following exposure to a traumatic event.
Developmental trauma disorder
A disorder involving both exposure and adaptation to chronic trauma, with exposure often occurring in the context of a child’s caregiving environment.
Poly-victimization
The experience of children exposed to high levels of many types of victimization.
Posttraumatic growth
An adaptive response to trauma characterized by positive changes.
