Chapter 8: Growing Pains: The New Republic and War of 1812 Flashcards
Bill of Rights
Citizen Genet Affair
Democratic-Republicans
Impressment
The practice of capturing sailors and forcing them into military service
Letters of marque
French warrants allowing ships and their crews to engage in piracy
Louisiana Purchase
Marbury V Madison
Revolution of 1800
XYZ Affair
What were the two main political factions in the early United States?
The Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans.
What was the Federalist view of government?
They supported a strong federal government, centralized power, and were led by elites and property owners.
What did the Democratic-Republicans advocate for?
Limited government, greater emphasis on states’ rights, and a focus on rural, agrarian values.
What was the significance of the Bill of Rights?
It was adopted in 1791 to guarantee individual rights and address Anti-Federalist concerns about federal power.
What were the main features of Alexander Hamilton’s financial plan?
His plan included the Report on Public Credit, the creation of a national bank, and a revenue system based on taxation, including a whiskey tax.
What caused the Whiskey Rebellion, and how was it resolved?
The rebellion was sparked by a federal tax on whiskey, seen as unfair to small distillers. It was suppressed by a federal militia led by President Washington, demonstrating federal authority.
What were the effects of Jay’s Treaty (1794)?
It resolved lingering issues with Britain post-Revolution, opened up trade, but was unpopular among Democratic-Republicans for appearing to favor Britain.
What was the outcome of the 1800 presidential election, also called the “Revolution of 1800”?
It marked the peaceful transfer of power from Federalists to Democratic-Republicans with Thomas Jefferson’s victory.
What was the Louisiana Purchase, and why was it significant?
In 1803, the U.S. purchased the Louisiana Territory from France, doubling the size of the nation and promoting Jefferson’s vision of an agrarian republic.
What triggered the War of 1812?
British impressment of American sailors, restrictions on U.S. trade, and British support for Native American resistance against U.S. expansion.
How did the War of 1812 affect U.S. politics and society?
It boosted national pride, discredited the Federalist Party after the Hartford Convention, and marked a shift toward westward expansion.
What was the significance of the Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812?
Fought after the Treaty of Ghent, it was a decisive U.S. victory led by Andrew Jackson, elevating him to national hero status.
What were the contrasting views on the French Revolution between Federalists and Democratic-Republicans?
Federalists feared its radicalism and potential influence on U.S. politics, while Democratic-Republicans supported it as an extension of republican ideals.
What was the Era of Good Feelings, and when did it occur?
A period of national unity and one-party rule (1815–1828) following the decline of the Federalist Party.
