Chapter 10 - Jacksonian Democracy (1820-1840) Flashcards
What was the prevailing sentiment towards Native Americans during the Age of Jackson?
Most Americans believed Native peoples had no place in the White republic
What was the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
An act that called for the removal of the Five Civilized Tribes from their homes in the southeastern United States to land in the West, in present-day Oklahoma
What is meant by the phrase “tyranny of the majority” and who coined it?
It refers to the risk that a democratic majority could suppress minority rights and individual freedoms, coined by Alexis de Tocqueville
What is meant by universal manhood suffrage?
Voting rights for all White male adults
What is the spoils system?
Rewarding party loyalists with government jobs
What was the “corrupt bargain” in the election of 1824?
The term that Andrew Jackson’s supporters applied to John Quincy Adams’s 1824 election, which had occurred through the machinations of Henry Clay in the U.S. House of Representative
What was the Tariff of Abominations?
A federal tariff introduced in 1828 that placed a high duty on imported goods in order to help American manufacturers, which southerners viewed as unfair and harmful to their region
What was nullification?
The theory that states could void federal law at their discretion, advocated in response to the Tariff of 1828
Name the Five Civilized Tribes.
Cherokee, Seminole, Creek, Choctaw, and Chickasaw
What was the Trail of Tears?
The route of the forced removal of the Cherokee and other tribes from the southeastern United States to the territory that is now Oklahoma
What was the American System?
The program of federally sponsored roads and canals, protective tariffs, and a national bank advocated by Henry Clay and enacted by President Adams
What were “monster banks?”
The term Democratic opponents used to denounce the Second Bank of the United States as an emblem of special privilege and big government
Who were the Whigs?
A political party that emerged in the early 1830s to oppose what members saw as President Andrew Jackson’s abuses of power
What was the log cabin campaign?
The 1840 election, in which the Whigs painted William Henry Harrison as a man of the people
What was the code of deference?
The practice of showing respect for individuals who had distinguished themselves through accomplishments or birth
What was the Kitchen Cabinet?
A nickname for Andrew Jackson’s informal group of loyal advisers
Summarize A New Political Style: From JQA to Andrew Jackson
Summarize the rise of american democracy
Summarize the Nullification Crisis and the Bank War
Summarize the Tyranny and Triumph of the Majority
