Chapter 8--> From DNA and Protein Flashcards

1
Q

Who found a ‘transforming principle’

A

Fredrick Griffith

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2
Q

S form is deadly while the R form was

A

Not deadly

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3
Q

What happened to the mouse injected with heat killed S bacteria?

A

The mouse died

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4
Q

Oswald Avery

A

identified DNA as the transforming principle

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5
Q

Avery isolated and…

A

Purified Griffith’s transforming principle

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6
Q

Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase confirmed that…

A

DNA is the genetic material

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7
Q

Hershey and Chase studied viruses that…

A

infect bacteria, or bacteriophages

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8
Q

Tagged DNA was found inside the bacteria;

A

tagged proteins were not

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9
Q

DNA structure is the…

A

same in all organisms

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10
Q

DNA is composed of what four types of nucleotides

A
  1. Phosphate Group
  2. Deoxyribose Sugar
  3. Nitrogen-containing base
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11
Q

What are the four nitrogen changing bases?

A

1.Thymine
2.Adenine
3.Cytosine
4.Guanine

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12
Q

Double Helix is made up of a…

A

Sugar-phosphate backbone on the outside with bases on the inside

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13
Q

A=

A

T

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14
Q

C=

A

G

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15
Q

The backbone is connected by…

A

Covalent bonds

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16
Q

Pyrimidine (single ring) pairs with…

A

Pyrimidine (double ring)

17
Q

The bases are connected by…

A

Hydrogen bonds

18
Q

A and G are what kind of bases?

19
Q

T and C are what kind of bases?

A

Pyrimidine

20
Q

Adenine and Guanine are composed of how many rings?

21
Q

Thymine and Cytosine are composed of how many rings?

22
Q

DNA is what kind of acid?

A

Deoxyribinucleic Acid

23
Q

RNA is what kidn of acid?

A

Ribonucleic Acid

24
Q

What is DNA?

A

A self replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms- carries genetic information

25
What is RNA?
A nucleic acid present in all living cells- is to act as the messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling synthesis of proteins
26
How many strands does DNA have? What kind of helix is it?
2 strands, double helix
27
DNA is held together by what kind of bonds?
Hydrogen
28
What is the DNA nucleotide made up of?
Deoxyribise, phosphoric acid and nitrogen containing bases
29
How do DNA molecules match up?