Chapter 8 - Emotion and Motivation

Question 1

a positive or negative experience that is associated with a particular pattern of physiological activity

Answer 1

emotion

Question 2

a theory about the relationship between emotional experience and physiological activity suggesting that stimuli trigger activity in the autonomic nervous system, which in turn produces an emotional experience in the brain

Answer 2

James-Lange theory

Question 3

a theory about the relationship between emotional experience and physiological activity suggesting that a stimulus simultaneously triggers activity in the autonomic nervous system and emotional experience in the brain

Answer 3

Cannon-Bard theory

Question 4

a theory about the relationship between emotional experience and physiological activity suggesting that emotions are inferences about the causes of undifferentiated physiological arousal

Answer 4

two-factor theory

Question 5

appraisal

Answer 5

an evaluation of the emotion-relevant aspects of a stimulus that is performed by the amygdala

Question 6

_______ regulation is the use of ______ and _________ strategies to influence one’s emotional _________.

*This is helpful because it allows us to choose to change how we think, feel and experience an even emotionally.

Answer 6

Emotional Regulation is the use of cognitive and behavioral strategies to influence one’s emotional experience.

Question 7

_________ is a strategy that involves changing one’s** ___________ __________** by changing the meaning of the emotion-eliciting** ________.**

** ***So what if she broke up with you? Look on the bright side, now you get to date all the chicks you want!

Answer 7

Reappraisal is a strategy that involves changing one’s emotional experience by changing the meaning of the emotion-eliciting stimulus.

Question 8

emotional expression

Answer 8

any observable sign of an emotional state

Question 9

universality hypothesis

Answer 9

the hypothesis that emotional expressions have the same meaning for everyone

Question 10

the hypothesis that emotional expressions can cause the emotional experiences they signify

Answer 10

facial feedback hypothesis

Question 11

norms for the control of emotional expression

Answer 11

display rules

Question 12

the notion that all people are motivated to experience pleasure and avoid pain

Answer 12

hedonic principle

Question 13

the tendency for a system to take action to keep itself in a particular state

Answer 13

homeostasis

Question 14

an internal state generated by departures from physiological optimality

Answer 14

drive

Question 15

bulimia nervosa

Answer 15

an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging

Question 16

anorexia nervosa

Answer 16

an eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of being fat and severe restriction of food intake

Question 17

metabolism

Answer 17

the rate at which energy is used by the body

Question 18

human sexual response cycle

Answer 18

the stages of physiological arousal during sexual activity

Question 19

extrinsic motivation

Answer 19

a motivation to take actions that are not themselves rewarding but that lead to reward

Question 20

a motivation to take actions that are themselves rewarding

Answer 20

intrinsic motivation

Question 21

a motivation of which one is aware

Answer 21

conscious motivation

Question 22

a motivation of which one is not aware

Answer 22

unconscious motivation

Question 23

need for achievement

Answer 23

the motivation to solve worthwhile problems

Question 24

approach motivation

Answer 24

a motivation to experience positive outcomes

Question 25

avoidance motivation

Answer 25

a motivation not to experience negative outcomes

Question 26

Name 3 Behavioral Stratagies for Emotional Regulation

Answer 26

1. Avoiding situations that trigger unwanted emotions.
2. Doing distracting activities
3. Taking Drugs