Chapter 8 Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development Flashcards
Child Rearing
Process of taking care and raising a child
Warm dimension
- More affectionate and supporting
- Expresses love of being with child
- Less likely to punish
Restrictive dimension
Use rules to insure discipline but the effects can be positive
Authorative
Restrictiveness and control
Warmth and responsivness
- High
2. High
Authoritarian
Restrictiveness and control
Warmth and responsiveness
- High
2. Low
Permissive-Indulgent
Restrictiveness and control
Warmth and responsiveness
- Low
2. High
Rejecting-Neglecting
Restrictiveness and control
Warmth and responsiveness
- Low
2. Low
Operant conditioning technique
Reinforcement
+r
-r
+R= give something pleasant
-R=remove sm unpleasant
Operant Conditioning Techniques
Punishment
+p
-p
\+P= give something unpleasant -P= remove sm pleasant
Factors to consider when parents enforce restrrictions:Discipline (4)
A
P
P
R
- Age
- Punishment fits the crime
- Preventative measures
- Is the behavior really misbehavior
When playing with peers what skills are developed
Physical:1
Cognitive:3
Social: 3
Physical: Motor skills
Cognitive: Curiosity, problem-solving, symbolic thinking
Social: Share, help, turn-taking, conflict resolution
How are friends made during early childhood
2
Proximity
Same activites
Prosocial behaviour
2
E
P
Empathy
Perspective-talking
What type of aggression do preschoolers use
Instrumental aggression
Aggressive behaviour is constant over time. What theories support that claim B S P C
Biological
Sociocultural
Psychodynamic
Cognitive
What happens to self during early childhood
It becomes more defined
At what age do fears appear
2.5-4
Gender Identity steps +age
3
L
s
c
- Labelling(2 years )–girls have long hair
- Stability (3 years)–will be a mom
- Consistency(4-7)
Nature of gender Dev
H
S
G
- Heredity–survival
- Sex hormones–prenatal differentiation of sex organs
- gender identity –Sex vs gender
Nurturing gender
- colours
- clothing
3.toys
4;Activites
5;Sports
6.Careers
7.Media
Cold dimension
Not nice and uses physical punishment
