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Psychology > Chapter 7 Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development Flashcards

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1
Q

What happens to growth

A

It slows and is more stable

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2
Q

how many teeth and by what age

A

20 primary teeth by age of 3

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3
Q

What happens to Gross motor skills + EX(3)

A

-They improve

EX: run, skip, throw, playground, sports

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4
Q

What happens to fine motor skills + EX(2)

A

-Improves
EX: 1.Drawing from scribbles—shapes —-multi-shape designs
2.Handedness is established

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5
Q

Gender differences in motor skills
BOYS(4)
MART

A
  1. Muscular
  2. Active
  3. Running
  4. Throwing
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6
Q

Gender differences in motor skills
GIRLS(4)
BHSF

A
  1. Balancing
  2. Hopping
  3. Skipping
  4. Fine motor skills
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7
Q

Left hand challenges (3)

A
  1. Health
  2. High blood pressure +epilepsy
  3. Language-based problems
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8
Q

Left-hand possible strengths (3)

A
  1. Math
  2. Musical +artistic
  3. Athletics
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9
Q

what do kids from 2-6 become and why

A

picky eaters because need less calories per kg

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10
Q

What is child obesity linked too(6)

GRSCTPN

A
  1. Genetics
  2. Regional differences
  3. Socio-economic status
  4. Culture
  5. traumatic events
  6. Poor nutrition
  7. Not enough exercise
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11
Q

Why has childhood obesity TRIPLED since 1980(2)

A
  1. Eats less well

2. Too sedentary

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12
Q

How can parents encourage healthy eating?(3)

A
  1. Make it fun
  2. Involve child
  3. Be a good role model
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13
Q

How are major illnesses in canada

A

Are largely eliminated

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14
Q

How are minor illnesses in Canada

A

Minor illnessses are common

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15
Q

What is the number 1 cause of accidents in early childhood

A

Motor vehicle accidents

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16
Q

What are the observed sleep patterns in Early childhood(3)

A
  1. Sleep decreases
  2. Napping eliminated
  3. Bedtime struggles
17
Q

What are some disturbances and disorders in Early childhood (3)

A
  1. Nightmares/night terrors
  2. Sleepwalking
  3. Bedwetting
18
Q

What is enuresis

A

Lack of control of bladder

19
Q

Around what age is a child potty trained

A

2-3 years old

20
Q

Physical of Enuresis

A

Maturation of bladder & reduce urine production at night

21
Q

Encopresis

A

Lack of control over bowels

22
Q

Physical cause of Encopresis

A

constipation

23
Q

Psychological cause of Encopresis

A

Anxiety/stress

24
Q

Egocentrism

Ex

A

Everyone shares the same knowledge as them

Ex: If they cant see you cant see

25
Q

Appearance=

A

reality

26
Q

centration

A

Children are focusing on one element of the situation but cant/ignore other aspects of the situation

27
Q

Theory of mind:(3)

PMB

A

Relationship between mind and behavior
1.Put yourself in others shoes
2,.Mental states
3.Beliefs and behaviours

28
Q

Theory of mind and egocentrism in a tug of war because

A

each person will behave according to their knowledge

29
Q

Animate vs Inanimate

MGIIH

A 
Movement
Growth
Internal Parts
Inheritance
Healing
30
Q

Factors in Cognitive Development

3

A

Early childhood education
Educational TV
Screen Time

31
Q

Prosocial behavior in shows = what in children

A

act more prosocially

32
Q

What happens to 3 year old that watch Sesame street

A

have a larger vocabularies

33
Q

What happens to attention span

A

It increases

34
Q

What begins in memory and attention

A

Autobiographical memory

35
Q 
Language Dev. (5)
F
G
C
P
O
A
  1. Fast-mapping
  2. Grammar explosion
  3. Conversations: taking turns
  4. Pragmatics
  5. Overregulation
36
Q

Overregularization
Plural
Past tense

A
  1. Adding S =MOUSES

2. Adding ED=EATED/HADED

37
Q 
how children acquire language 
Nurture (5)
C
O
S
C
S
A
  1. Classical conditioning
  2. Operant conditioning
  3. Social cognitive learning
  4. Cognitive theory
  5. Socio-cultural theory
38
Q

How children acquire
language
Nature(4)

I
B
C
O

A
  • Inborn neural circuits
  • Brain specialization
  • Critical periods

Ony humans

Psychology (10 decks)

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