Chapter 8 Cellular Transport And The Cell Cycle

Question 1

Osmosis

Answer 1

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Question 2

Isotonic solution

Answer 2

The concentration of the dissolved substance is the same as the concentration of the dissolved substances in the cell

Question 3

Hypotonic solution

Answer 3

The concentration of dissolved substances is lower in the solution outside the cell than the concentration inside the cell

Question 4

Hypertonic solution

Answer 4

The concentration of dissolved substances outside the cell is higher than the concentration inside the cell

Question 5

Passive transport

Answer 5

The cell uses no energy to move these particles; therefore this movement of particles across membranes by diffusion is called..

Question 6

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 6

The passive transport of materials across the plasma membrane with the aid of transport proteins

Question 7

Active transport

Answer 7

Movement of materials through a membrane against a concentration gradient

Question 8

Endocytosis

Answer 8

A process by which a cell surrounds and takes in material from it’s environment

Question 9

Chromosomes

Answer 9

Structures which contain DNA and become darkly colored when strained

Question 10

Chromatin

Answer 10

Long strands of DNA wrapped around proteins

Question 11

Cell cycle

Answer 11

The sequence of growth and division of a cell

Question 12

Interphase

Answer 12

Majority of a cells life is spent in the growth period which is called..

Question 13

Mitosis

Answer 13

Following interphase, a cell enters it’s period of nuclear division called..

Question 14

Prophase

Answer 14

The first and longest phase of mitosis the long stringy chromatin could up into visible chromosomes

Question 15

Sister chromatids

Answer 15

Two halves of the doubled structure

Question 16

Centromere

Answer 16

These are what sister chromatids are held together by

Question 17

Centrioles

Answer 17

Small dark cylindrical structures that are made of microtubules and are located just outside the nucleus

Question 18

Spindle

Answer 18

A football shaped cage like structure consisting of thin fibers made of microtubules

Question 19

Metaphase

Answer 19

The short second phase of mitosis the doubled chromosome become attached to the spindle fibers by their centromeres

Question 20

Anaphase

Answer 20

3rd phase of mitosis. Centromeres split and the chromatid pairs are pulled to each end of the cell

Question 21

Telophase

Answer 21

Chromatids ready the opposite ends of the poles

Question 22

Cytokinesis

Answer 22

2 cells are formed

Question 23

Tissue

Answer 23

Groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function

Question 24

Organ

Answer 24

group of two or more tissues organized to perform complex activities within an organism

Question 25

Organ system

Answer 25

Multiple organs that work together

Question 26

Cancer

Answer 26

growth of abnormal mutated cells

Question 27

Gene

Answer 27

A segment of DNA that controls the production of a protein